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Basic Animal Care > Dogs > Flashcards

Dogs Flashcards

(86 cards)

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0
Q

Should you restrict freshwater?

A

No

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1
Q

What are some appropriate forms of housing for a dog?

A

Crates, children gates, playpens, dog runs and small rooms

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2
Q

Are you supposed to feed a dog table scraps? What can happen?

A

No. The dog can become obese and also have a vitamin/mineral deficiency

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3
Q

How often are you supposed to give treats?

A

Within reason, a low cal treat

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4
Q

How is dog nutrition determined?

A

By size and life stage.

Should be tailored for appropriate growth and to prevent obesity

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5
Q

Give four reasons why you should groom your pet

A
  1. Makes dog feel good
  2. Makes dog look good
  3. Inspection and detection
  4. Reinforces the bond
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6
Q

What are the strategic spots for brushing?

A

Behind ears
Under footpads
Chest area
Back of hind legs

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7
Q

When should you start brushing your pet?

A

At a young age

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8
Q

How frequently should a pet be brushed ideally ?

A

Once per day

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9
Q

List 3 reasons why bathing pets is important

A

To clean and condition the coat - diminish odors
To treat skin conditions
To get rid of extoparasites

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10
Q

Should you brush before or after you bathe your dog?

A

Brush before

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11
Q

What are the three types of shampoos for bathing dogs?

A

Insecticidal
Medicated
General purpose

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12
Q

Can you use a hairdryer on a dog to dry him?

A

Yes but be sure that it is not too hot, can burn or give heatstroke to the dog

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13
Q

Why do we do oral care on dogs?

A

To prevent periodontal disease and systemic diseases

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14
Q

How often should you brush your dogs teeth?

A

Once a week

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15
Q

When does a dog have his deciduous teeth?

A

4-7 months

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16
Q

How many teeth does a dog have as an adult?

A

42

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17
Q

How can you ease a dog into a teeth brushing routine?

A

Rub his gums with wet food to get him used to the action

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18
Q

What are the three major parts of the ear?

A

Outer (pinna)
Middle (tympanic membrane)
Inner

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19
Q

How can you increase air flow into the ear canal?

A

Plucking hairs from opening of ear canal

Tying or taping ears together on top of head

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20
Q

When do you need to see a vet in terms of ear problems?

A

As soon as there is a foul odor, discharge, dog shakes ears often

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21
Q

What is otitis?

A

Yeasts,
Bacteria,
Parasites such as mites

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22
Q

What are symptoms of otitis?

A 
Scratching
Shaking head 
Tilting head to one side 
Evidence of pain when touched
Sour smell
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23
Q

What are some basic forms of ear care?

A

Drying ears after bathing or swimming
Cleaning ears with gauze pads soaked with an ear cleansing solution
Veterinary prescriptions /ear swab analysis

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24
Why is nail care important?
For animals comfort | Injury prevention
25
What are some issues associated with anal glands?
``` Clogged Foul smelling Irritated Infected Abcessed ```
26
What is the difference between professional emptying and groomers?
Professionals will empty anal glands and if there is a blockage they can fix it whereas groomers do not pay attention to blockages and will not alert you to problems
27
Should excess hairs around eyes be tied or shaved?
Yes
28
Why should dogs keep their head inside the car?
Because they can get debris in their eye or have their eyes dry out
29
What symptoms should you be on the lookout for with dog eyes?
Redness, excessive staining, soreness, discharge
30
Why do dogs tears stain their coat? What can be used to hide protein staining?
Because it contains protein. Chalk can be used as make up for dogs
31
What are the signs of illness in a dog?
``` Poor coat Dull eyes/ discharge Anorexia Vomiting Change in stool Becomes listless Pale gums Fever ```
32
What is the normal temperature range of a dog?
38.3c to 39.5c
33
Why are stools useful for determining the health of your dog?
Because they are a direct representation of your dogs digestion and general health
34
How often should your dog be walked?
Twice a day
35
What are the vaccination requirements for boarding facilities?
Kennel cough
36
What are vaccinations?
Preventative protection against diseases
37
Is immunity from a vaccination indefinite?
No it is not. Requires boosters on a set schedule
38
Are vaccines 100% efficient?
No. But most efficient when maintaining a proper vaccination schedule
39
What is a colostrum ?
First milk a mother gives to her puppy. Rich in antibiotics and gives dog a passive immunity
40
Why would vaccinations vary between dog and medical professional?
Because each professional has a different view of what vaccines are important. Each animal is given individual vaccines in accordance with environment and health status
41
What is vaniers vaccination protocol?
7-8 weeks : distemper, hepatitis, parainfluenza, parvovirus 12 weeks: booster 16 weeks: booster plus rabies 1 year: booster
42
What are optional vaccines?
``` Leptospirosis Bordatella (kennel cough) Corona virus Giardia Lyme disease ```
43
What the expected adverse reactions to a vaccination?
Local inflammation and discomfort | 24-48hr fever
44
What are abnormal adverse reactions to a vaccine?
Allergic reaction (can be fatal. Immediate intervention needed) Frequent vomiting Diarrhea Facial swelling
45
What is a way to control the risk of a vaccine?
One vaccine at a time and keeping the animal under supervision
46
What controls the oestral cycle?
Endocrine
47
What hormones are involved with oestral cycle?
Estrogen, progesterone, fsh and lh
48
What are the cycle types?
Continuous (pig,cow) Seasonal cycles (dogs,cats,mares,goats) Mono-oestrian cycle (dogs) Poly-oestrian cycle (cats,mares,goats,sheep)
49
What is the gestation period for a bitch?
58-63 days
50
What is the typical litter size?
1-15pups
51
How many heats does a bitch have and how many months apart are they?
Two heats/year and 6months apart
52
What is the breeding age for a bitch?
Between 6months-1 yr of age
53
Can dogs seperate while they have sex?
No they cannot
54
What are four ways to prevent gestation in bitches?
Surveillance Spaying and neutering Pill Hormone injections
55
How can you stop gestation once it has started?
Abortion
56
What does spaying include?
The removal of both the ovaries and uterus
57
What are some advantages to spaying?
Prevents unwanted litters Eliminates the inconvienance of heat periods Helps prevent uterine problems such as infection Lessens the possibility of mammary tumors Prevents false pregnancies
58
What are some advantages to neutering ?
``` Diminishes roaming Prevents unwanted puppies Makes males less aggressive and less likely to develop undesirable traits such as mounting Prevents testicular cancer Prevents prostate problems ```
59
What is neutering?
Removal of both testicals of the male
60
When should you spay or neuter?
as young as 6-14 weeks but normally at 6 months
61
Temporary methods of canine identification
Medals: city id medals, rabies tags Capsuls Collars
62
What are the pros and cons of temporary methods of canine identification
Pros: low cost Cons: can be lost or broken
63
What are a few types of permanent canine identification
Tattoos: 2 types: Ear punch type Pencil type Microchips
64
What are some health risks of toys?
Catching diseases Breaking teeth Foreign body : obstruction
65
What is the proper crate size for a dog?
Leaves enough room that he could stand and turn around even when fully grown
66
What are the types of crates available?
Metal collapsible, plastic traveling crate
67
Where should a dogs crate be placed?
In a room with human activity
68
What enrichment should be placed in a dogs crate?
Few treats, food, toys, blanket, water
69
How do you keep the crate a positive place for a dog?
Never use it as punishment
70
Why should table scraps not be given during family dinner time?
Because it encourages begging and negative behaviors
71
How should long hair be combed?
From the extemities
72
How do you keep a breed with wrinkles from developing infection?
Rinse wrinkles with warm water and mild soap and dry them. Apply baby powder in wrinkles to keep them dry
73
How can teeth and gums be maintained in a healthy state?
Regular teeth brushing, feeding a specially formulated dental diet and treats, avoiding table scraps
74
What can sweet, fruity smelling dog breath be caused by?
Diabetes
75
What can foul smelling dog breath be caused by?
Liver or intestinal diseases
76
What can breath smelling of ammonia or urine be caused by?
Kidney disease
77
Why are breeds with tight lips more likely to have dental problems than breeds with loose lips?
Because there is no space for hard food to rub against the teeth when they chew and therefor plaque develops
78
What are the two types of toothbrushes available for dogs?
Finger brushes | Regular tooth brushes
79
How often should you check yur dogs ears?
Weekly
80
How often should nails be checked and cut?
Every two weeks
81
What are the types of nail cutters available?
Guillotine type, scissor type , nail grinder and nail file
82
How can you stop bleeding if you cut the quick?
Quick stop powder, silver nitrate pencil, cornstarch, flour
83
What are white stools indicative of?
Ingestion of bones, or is a sign of liver or pancreatic dysfunction
84
What are black, tarry stools indicative of?
Occult blood and indicate that bleeding is occurring in upper regions of the digestive tract
85
What is fresh red blood in stool indicative of?
Bleeding occurring in lower part of the digestive system

Basic Animal Care (6 decks)

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