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CCMC > Domain 2 - Psychosocial Concepts and Support Systems > Flashcards

Domain 2 - Psychosocial Concepts and Support Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What does WHO consider an essential part of health?

A

“There is no health without mental health”

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2
Q

Promoting mental health is part of case manager’s duty to:

A
  • Advocate for the individual
  • In an integrated case management environment, it is especially important to advocate for the client to be treated holistically for behavioral health issues in whatever setting the client presents.
  • Facilitate care and services that can ultimately result in improved
    behavioral health for the client
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3
Q

What is the difference between behavioral health and mental health?

A

Behavioral health includes specific actions and an individuals response to emotional triggers.

Mental health is thoughts, feelings, and biological factors.

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4
Q

Who provides 70% of treatment for behavioral health conditions?

A

Primary care physicians

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5
Q

AMI

A

Any mental illness

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6
Q

SMI

A

Serious mental illness

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7
Q

What is the difference between Any Mental Illness (AMI) and Serious Mental Illness (SMI)?

A

AMI encompasses all recognized mental illnesses. SMI is a smaller and more severe subset of
AMI.

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8
Q

Behavioral health case management

A

Method of providing cost-effective, quality care by managing the holistic health concerns of individuals, families, and groups in need of extensive services

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9
Q

Self-neglect

A

Self-neglect results from an adult’s inability to perform essential self-care tasks due to physical and/or mental impairments or diminished
capacity.

Tasks may include:
* providing essential food, clothing, shelter, health care
* obtaining goods and services necessary to maintain physical health, mental health, emotional well-being, and general safety
* managing financial affairs
* adhering to prescribed medications

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10
Q

Self-harm

A

Self-harm or self-injury means hurting yourself on purpose. One common method is cutting with a sharp object. But any time someone deliberately hurts themself is classified as self-harm. Some people feel an impulse to cause burns, pull out hair or pick at wounds to prevent healing.

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11
Q

Severe mental illness (SMI)

A

Severe and persistent mental illness describes
those individuals with mental illness that have complex symptoms.

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12
Q

Substance-related and addictive disorders

A

Formerly referred to as substance dependence or abuse, involve the use of mind-altering substances yielding three basic types of disorders:
*substance intoxication
*substance withdrawal
*what is now called “substance use disorders”

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13
Q

What are some types of behavioral disorders?

A

*depression
* bipolar affective disorder
*schizophrenia
* psychoses
* dementia
* intellectual disabilities
* developmental disorders including autism spectrum disorders (ASD

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14
Q

What is integrated case management?

A

Recognizes and focuses on the whole person and the interaction of:
* Physical health/illness
* Behavioral health/illness
* Social determinants
* Inadequacy of social networks
* Health systems
* Limited, poorly controlled access to needed services

Can be provided in a variety of settings
(acute care, clinics, health plans, community, telephonically) by nurses, social workers, and licensed behavioral health professionals

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15
Q

Dual Diagnosis

A

Coexisting severe behavioral health and substance use disorders

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16
Q

The 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-5) is the
current standard, which uses 3 major components to make a diagnosis:

A
  • diagnostic classification
  • diagnostic criteria sets
  • descriptive texts
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17
Q

Behavioral Health Assessments should include information about:

A
  • Depression
  • Anxiety disorder
  • Alcohol use and dependence
  • Drug use and dependence
  • Behavioral health problems
  • Multiple neuropsychological assessment tools
18
Q

A behavioral health assessment can identify:

A
  • behavioral health problems (anxiety disorders, depression, bipolar disorders, eating disorders, among others
  • Developmental problems (learning disabilities, autism)
  • Substance use disorders (alcohol and drug abuse and dependence)
  • Diseases of the nervous system (Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, Parkinson’s, Epilepsy)
19
Q

The major purposes of a neuropsychologic assessment are to identify:

A
  • The integrity of cognitive functions
  • Determine the presence, nature, and severity of cognitive dysfunction
20
Q

Risk factors of suicide that a case manager is to be aware of include:

A
  • Clients that indicate verbally or non-verbally that they do not want to live
  • Do not fear death
  • Have active thoughts of harming themselves
  • Express a thought of how to commit suicide though they do not have a plan
  • Express that they have a plan for harming themselves
21
Q

What is the new three-digit dialing code that will route callers to the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline

A

988

22
Q

Crisis intervention

A

the immediate and short-term care aimed at assisting to restore equilibrium – can walk us through our “new normal”. Crisis intervention is immediate and short-term psychological care.

23
Q

Motivational Interviewing (MI)

A

A directive, client-centric, collaborative process counseling style that assists clients to explore and resolve ambivalent feelings and insecurities, and elicits the internal motivation they need to change their behavior by helping them explore and resolve ambivalence, within an atmosphere of acceptance and compassion
* This intervention is designed to strengthen personal motivation for, and commitment to a specific goal, helping individuals become motivated to change the behaviors that are preventing them from making healthier choices

“Hands-off” approach allows for client to be more invested in the decision as they are making it based on their reasoning and in their time

24
Q

What are Motivational Interviewing (MI) four fundamental processes and what do they mean?

A
  1. Engaging
    * To establish rapport with the client and express understanding
    * To show empathy
    * Promote buy-in for the client to change
  2. Focusing
    * Clarify the readiness for change
    * Help them to develop direction
    * Show them possibilities
  3. Evoking
    * Help them to explore their motivation
    * What are their goals and preferences
    * Assist in having them identify the barriers
  4. Planning
    * Foster their commitment to change
    * Let them formulate a concrete plan, develop a course of action
25
Q

Autonomy

A

A person’s ability to act on his or her own values and interests

26
Q

Ambivalence

A

The state of having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone.

27
Q

What are the four principles of Motivational Interviewing (MI)?

A
  • Express Empathy
  • Support Self-Efficacy
  • Develop Discrepancy – work with the client to identify the difference between the current and future states, and have them specify the goals they want to achieve
  • Roll with Resistance – allow client to verbalize their resistance to change and share their experience about concerns or challenges

A fifth principle, avoid argument, is noted in some of the literature for MI. Arguments are counterproductive in the use of MI.

28
Q

What is an engagement tool utilized for Motivational Interviewing (MI) and what does it stand for?

A

OARS

O - Open-ended questions
A - Affirmations
R - Reflective listening
S - Summarizing

29
Q

What is Change Talk?

A

Statements that suggest a window of opportunity for change. Usually subtle, not a declaration, but shows contemplation to change.

Using the O.A.R.S. technique can help to elicit change talk. Also, can look at:
* pros and cons of the change
* positives and negatives
* past successes
* look to the future

30
Q

In the Prochaska model (also called the Transtheoretical Model) for change,
assessing clients’ readiness to change involves various stages. What are the 6 stages?

A
  1. Precontemplation – not ready to change, may not see a problem
  2. Contemplation – willing to consider they may have a problem
  3. Preparation (Commitment to Action) – still may be ambivalent but the scale in tipping in favor of change
  4. Action (Implementing the Plan) – putting the plan into action
  5. Maintenance – normally takes about 3 to 6 months to complete; new patterns of behavior have been established
  6. Termination – no longer feels the problem presents a threat
31
Q

What is Activation and why is it important?

A

The individual has the knowledge, skill and confidence to take on the role of managing
their health and health care.

It is important because higher activated individuals are more likely to engage in positive health behavior sand to have better health outcomes.

Activation underlies most health behaviors. When behaviors are more difficult or complex, or require the client to be proactive, it is generally only the individuals with high activation who do them.

32
Q

What are the 4 stages in Activation?

A
  1. Believe active role is important in self-care management
  2. Possess confidence and knowledge to take action
  3. Take action
  4. Stay the course under stress, staying the course even when it becomes more complex and not so easy to continue
33
Q

What are the 4 levels of Activation and what are they comprised of?

A

Less Activated Patient (Level 1 and 2)
* Don’t overwhelm client with too much information or changes
* Build confidence through small step successes
* Focus on what is important to the client, jointly set realistic behavioral goals

Patients who are Moderately Activated (Level 3)
* Assume the clients at this level are ready to use more information than clients at the lowest level
* Jointly set realistic goals
* Celebrate successes

Higher Activated Patient (level 4)
* Go beyond the basics, provide more in-depth information
* Plan for challenging situations
* Plan proactively to anticipate barriers and how to overcome them

34
Q

Health Literacy

A

“The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, communicate, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions.”

35
Q

What is the 5 steps in Conflict Resolution?

(What are 5 things that can assist in prevention a conflict?)

A

Accommodating – meets the needs of the other party at your own expense
* Avoiding – avoids conflict as a default action
* Collaborating – meets the needs of all parties involved
* Compromising – finding a solution that gives everyone a partial win, and everyone gives up something
* Competing – taking a firm stand, useful in emergency situations when fast decisions are needed, or when someone is trying to take advantage of a
situation

36
Q

What is the difference between empathy and sympathy?

A

*Empathy – experiencing someone else’s feelings
*Sympathy – understanding someone else’s suffering

Empathy fuels connection, and sympathy drives disconnection

37
Q

What are the 5 stages of grief?

A

Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance

38
Q

Bereavement

A

Effectively dealing with the loss of a loved one with the help of family, friends, and their personal belief systems—this may include feeling and expressing sadness and anger, but that’s normal and they get through it

39
Q

Cultural competency

A

A competency based on the premise of respect for individuals and cultural differences, and an implementation of a trust-promoting method of inquiry.

40
Q

Cultural proficiency

A

Knowing how to learn about individual and organizational

41
Q

Cultural humility

A

Lifelong commitment to self-evaluation and self-critique

42
Q

Cultural sensitivity

A

Skills that enable us to learn about and understand people
who are different from ourselves, thereby becoming better able to serve them
within their own communities.

CCMC (13 decks)

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