Domain 4 - Construction Documents Flashcards
Describe the 5 drawing category types used in design and construction.
1.) Plans
2.) Elevations
3.) Sections
4.) Details
5.) Schedules
Describe the nature of Contract drawings.
Drawings convey design intent and may show multiple views, indicate relationships between elements, and show the following for each materials, assembly, component, piece of equipment, and accessory.
1.) location
2.) Identification
3.) Dimension and Size
4.) Details and diagrams
5.) Shape and Form
Describe the basic standards that drawings should follow.
1.) To simplify and only coordinate the documentation process, and only generic notes should be used on the drawings to identify , not describe, a material or component.
2.) The information contained within the drawings are complementary to the specifications and should not duplicate information.
3.) Do NOT cross-reference between drawings and specifications with notes such as “refer to specifications” .
Describe a drawing view?
All design and construction drawings consist of a combination of views, which can be classified as one of two types: scaled or non-scaled. Views demonstrate unique information in the most logical and understandable way.
Scaled Views
Most common type of drawing, include horizontal plane and /or vertical plan orientations, vertical cuts through the project. Scale drawing should include a numerical scale and a graphic scale due to half sheets at the job site.
Non-scaled Views
Include: diagrams, key plans, schedules, perspectives, isometrics, and title sheets
Drawing identification, cover sheet, graphics, symbols, dimensions, notations, and abbreviations.
Drawing Features
A drawing feature: individual drawings on a sheet are uniquely identified in order to provide a logical method for easily locating each element.
Drawing Identification
A drawing feature: This is typically the first sheet in the drawing set. It often shows the name of the project, the name of the owner, the name of the architect/engineer and consultants, and the general project data such as location map, code information, and a list of included sheets
Cover Sheet
A drawing feature: The drawing blocks illustrating the proposed work using a variety of line types, shading, and hatching, and will include symbols, notations, and dimensions. For renovation work, photographs may be used as part of the graphics
Graphics
A drawing feature: A scaled or non-scaled graphic representation of a product or material.
Symbols
A drawing feature: They delineate the actual size of an object or to demonstrate extent or required clearances. The referenced end points of dimension lines are usually shown with arrowheads or slash marks.
Dimensions
A drawing feature: Textual information on drawings that identify an item and its extent or location. Should be kept to a minimum.
Notations
A drawing feature: Used on drawings and in schedules where space for textual information may be limited.
Abbreviations
While there are no rules for how a set of construction drawings must be organized, traditionally they have been arranged in a logical sequence and grouped by design discipline.
List the figure based on how a traditional drawing set is generally organized?
1.) Cover Sheet 8.) Architectural
2.) Sheet Index 9.) Interiors
3.) Building Code Summary 10.) Structural
4.) Life Safety 11.) Mechanical
5.) Demolition 12.) Electrical
6.) Civil 13.) Plumbing
7.) Landscaping 14.) Fire Protection
In which of the following phases are drawings submitted for preliminary loan approval?
a.) Project conception
b.) Design
c.) Construction documents
d.) Procurement
a.) Project Conception
During the procurement phase, record drawings are provided to proposers to show existing conditions. What are these drawings called?
a.) Procurement drawings
b.) Resource drawings
c.) Contract drawings
d.) Shop drawings
b.) Resource drawings (NOT included in the contract)
During the construction phase, which of the following is the type of drawings the contractor may prepared to show fabrication of a building element?
a.) Record drawings
b.) Resource drawings
c.) Coordination drawings
d.) Shop drawings
d.) Shop drawings
During the construction phase, which of the following is the type of drawings the contractor may prepared to show how building systems would be installed above the kitchen ceiling?
a.) Record drawings
b.) Resource drawings
c.) Coordination drawings
d.) Shop drawings
c.) Coordination drawings
(Commonly made for small ceiling cavity so that building components heating,A/C ducts, plumbing lines, fire protection heads, electrical conduits, and telecom wires be coordinated.)
Which of the following is the type of drawings the contractor may prepared and submit at the end of the construction phase?
a.) As-built drawings
b.) Resource drawings
c.) Record drawings
d.) Shop drawings
c.) Record drawings
Modified Contract drawings identifying changes incorporated into the Work during construction. Diagrammatically show location of items.
Describe the four principal methods of specifying?
- Descriptive - A prescriptive method in which products and processes are specified
but the results are not. Proprietary names of manufacturers are not
used. Architect is responsible for determination of the desired
performance criteria. Used less today, lengthy and a tedious process. - Performance - A method of specifying END results but not their means/methods of
achievement. Allows for flexibility and innovation in optional
solutions that meet the same requirements. - Proprietary - A prescriptive method in which products and processes are specified
by specifying a manufacturer’s product, system, or assembly.
Includes manufacturer’s name, brand name, model number, etc. Or a
single sourced product. - Reference Standard - A method that utilizes a reference to a published standard
in lieu of specifying detailed requirements.
Describe the three elements of a Performance Specification.
- A statement of required END results
- With criteria for verifying compliance
- Without unnecessary limitations on the methods for achieving the required results
Describe four situations where performance specifications can be used?
*Construction Systems and Assemblies: the primary advantage of performance specifying lies in the applicability of available products and systems to most traditional project requirements.
*Utilizing Non-Standard Technologies: existing technologies used in an alternate way.
*Developing New Technology: gives the owner the advantage of attracting research and development expertise and resources from many elements of the construction industry. (Sustainability requirements)
*Delegating Responsibilities: Can be used by an Owner to establish an owner’s requirements for a project delivery method such as design build.
What are the advantages of using a Proprietary Specification?
1.) Product Selection can be closely controlled.
2.) More detailed and complete drawings can be prepared based on precise information obtained from the selected manufacturer’s product data.
3.) Reduced Cost and time benefits may be obtained from use of shorter specifications and reduced drawings production efforts.
4.) Bidding and proposing may be simplified by narrowing competition and removing product pricing as a major variable.