Domestication

Question 1

Most domestication definitions include…

Answer 1

reproductive control by humans

Question 2

Preadaptation

Answer 2

Diet, growth rate, reproduce in captivity, disposition, limited tendency to panic, social structure

Question 3

Changes to animals with domestication

Answer 3

Early decrease in size (mammals), early increase in size (birds), decreased flight distance, color change, retain neatened characters, decrease cranial capacity, increase genetic variability, increase rate of increase of genetic variability

Question 4

In transport animals…

Answer 4

Wild adaptations are retained and low reproductive rates

Question 5

Animals are ________ of agriculture

Answer 5

30-40%

Question 6

______ of peasants depend on animals

Answer 6

70%

Question 7

First animal to be domesticated

Answer 7

Dogs

Question 8

8000 BP well developed for…

Answer 8

Sheep, goats, pigs, cattle

Question 9

Most recently domesticated?

Answer 9

Lab animals, furbearers

Question 10

How many founder females?

Answer 10

3-5

Question 11

Breed

Answer 11

Similar enough to be grouped together, produce that same type when interbred

Question 12

Gentrification

Answer 12

Standardization by removing from original region and selecting for uniformity outside of original environment for a purpose other than the original

Question 13

Most dog breeds arose from….

Answer 13

Gentrification

Question 14

Industrial stock

Answer 14

Usually a subset of a genetic breed, highly and scientifically selected for outstanding performance

Question 15

Landrace

Answer 15

Genetic breed that is isolated by default, not organized or standardized

Question 16

Feral

Answer 16

Domesticated animals returned to free living state, never get original back, always retain smaller brain

Question 17

General pattern

Answer 17

Domestication, landrace or primitive local breed, standardized breed, industrial stock

Question 18

Genetic variability of adapted breeds is about _____ that of selected production breeds

Answer 18

Twice

Question 19

_____ of variation in a domestic species is between breeds

Answer 19

50%

Question 20

Obvious morphological differences among breeds are caused at only _________ loci

Answer 20

Seven

Question 21

Livestock guardians

Answer 21

Orient

Question 22

Pointers

Answer 22

Eye and stalk

Question 23

Herders

Answer 23

Eye, stalk, chase, grab/bite

Question 24

Terriers

Answer 24

Crush/kill/bite, dissect, consume

Question 25

Sight hounds

Answer 25

Large and lean, big eyes in front, like to chase, usually silent, color varies, intelligent, don’t like pain

Question 26

Scent hounds

Answer 26

Smooth coats, lop ears, bay while chasing, variable color

Question 27

Pointers

Answer 27

Large, lean, short or long hair, work back and forth for birds, freeze when find birds, color varies, European

Question 28

Retrievers

Answer 28

Large, heavy, moderate lop ears, straight tails, black, yellow, liver

Question 29

Spaniels

Answer 29

Combine pointing/retrieving, medium size, long hair, lop ears, all colors, most have docked tails, Spanish, perfected in England

Question 30

Terriers

Answer 30

Wire haired or smooth, tough, aggressive, control rats/foxes, most have docked tails, colors vary, can self destruct in groups

Question 31

Fighters

Answer 31

Usually large, shorthaired, moderate rose or small lop ear, all colors, aggression goal of selection

Question 32

Herding dogs

Answer 32

Controlled predation

Question 33

Livestock guardians

Answer 33

Large, heavy, long haired, usually white, small lop ears, aggressive to novel stimuli, nonpredatory, “dump dogs”, not too trainable, independent thought and decision-making

Question 34

Mastiffs

Answer 34

Large, shorthaired, color varies, vary by use

Question 35

Spitz

Answer 35

Variable in size/coat/behavior, stiff hair, curled tail, erect ears, northern and oriental

Question 36

Giants

Answer 36

Huge, loose skin, European for draft, rescue

Question 37

Toys

Answer 37

From everywhere, variety of breed backgrounds, selected for companionability

Question 38

Ferals

Answer 38

Become generalists, short hair, tan, curly tail, erect ears