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Drug names and type Flashcards

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1
Q

T3

A

Triiodothyronine

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2
Q

T4

A

Thyroxin

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3
Q

-imazole

A

Thionamides

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4
Q

Thionamides

A

Carbimazole, Methimazole, propylthiouracil

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5
Q

Neurotransmitter of Sympathetic system

A

Nor/Adrenaline

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6
Q

Nor/Adrenaline Receptors

A

alpha 1 &2
Beta 1-3

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7
Q

What circumstances are Alpha/Beta agonists typically used?

A

Medical emergency - cardiac arrest or anaphylaxis

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8
Q

What is Ephedrine?

A

A SELECTIVE AGONIST - IV

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9
Q

What are oxymetazoline & xylometazoline?

A

intranasally used drugs to cause vasoconstriction and therefore decongestion of nasal mucosa

(alpha agonists)

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10
Q

What are pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine?

A

orally administered drugs that are used drugs to cause vasoconstriction and therefore decongestion of nasal mucosa

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11
Q

What are the names of Non-selective B blockers?

A

Propanolol, pindolol, labetalol

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12
Q

What are the names of B1- selective B blockers?

A

Atenolol, metoprolol

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13
Q

neurotransmitter of parasymp system

A

Acetylcholine

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14
Q

What is ipratropium

A

muscarnic antagonist - used for bronchodilation. Can also be used with b2 agonist for increased B-DILATION.

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15
Q

what type of drugs are mebeverine and scopolamine , what receptors do they act on and what action do they have (antagonist or agonist?)

A

anti-spasmodics. Help with IBS -? CHOLINERGIC ANTAGONIST.

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16
Q

what type of drugs are Atropine , hyoscine and scopolamine what are they used for and what receptors do they act on?

A

anti diarrhoea & motionsickness drugs. Act as Muscarinic antagonists.

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17
Q

Side effects of hyoscine and scopolamine?

A

Drowsiness

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18
Q

Glycopyrrolate does not have the same side effects as other drugs within its drug group (muscarinic antagonist), why?

A

Doesn’t cause drowsiness as it cannot cross BBB.

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19
Q

What cells do anti-arrhythmic drugs act on?

A

nodal & ventricular

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20
Q

What type of drugs are verpamil and diltiazem and what do they act to do?

A

L-type Ca. channel blockers -> elongate (slows) Pacemaker depolarisation rate.

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21
Q

What does Adenosine do?

A

Activates K+ channels and elongates repolarisation -> slows PaceM.

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22
Q

Digoxin action

A

Increase vagal activity on AV node and increase intracellular Ca. in cardiac cells.

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23
Q

What drug causes Increase vagal activity on AV node and increase intracellular Ca. in cardiac cells?

A

Digoxin

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24
Q

What drug Activates K+ channels and elongates repolarisation -> slows PaceM.

A

Adenosine

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25
Examples of L-type Ca. channel blockers -> elongate (slows) Pacemaker depolarisation rate.
verpamil and diltiazem
26
What can Adeonsine, B - Blockers, Dilitiazem, verapamoiil, digoxin, flecainide, lignocaine and amiodarone all be used as?
Anti-arrhythmics
27
what sub group of antiarrhythmics can adeonsine, B blockers, dilitiazem , verapamil and digoxin all be used as?
node blockers.
28
What sub group of antiarrythmics can flecainide, lignocaine and amiodarone all be used as?
ventricular blockers
29
how does digoxin differ from other Node blockers
acts on pacemaker tissues whereas Adeonsine, B lockers, dilitiazem and verapamil all BLOCK AV and SA nodes.
30
node blockers.
adeonsine, B blockers, dilitiazem , verapamil and digoxin
31
ventricular blockers
flecainide, lignocaine and amiodarone
32
Flecainide action
Blocks fast Na+ channels.
33
lignocaine function
blocks fast Na+ channels
34
Amiodarone function
blocks OUTWARD K+ current.
35
Main drugs to treat heart failure
ACE inhibs, AGT 2 antagonists, B blockers, cardiac glycosides, diuretics.
36
What drug is an example of a cardiac glycoside
Digoxin
37
What type of drugs are used to reduce cardiac workload
B blockers (B1 selective) Ca2+ blockers Nitrates
38
Examples of nitrates
nitroglycerin patch, isosorbde mononitrate
39
Action of nitrates
Vasodilation and reduction of cardiac AFTERLOAD. NG patch also used to treat angina.
40
What drug group are aspirin and clopidogrel associated with?
Antiplatelet agents.
41
Antiplatelet agents.
aspirin and clopodpgrel
42
What type of drug is warfarin and heparin
anti-coagulant -> blood thinners
43
4 drug types for anti-hypertensives
ACE inhibs, AGT 2 blockers Diuretics Vasodilators B/A blockers
44
Actions of ACE inhibs and AGT@ blcokers
Increase blood vol and redice constriction effect of AGT
45
Diuretics functions
Reduce fluid volume (increased urination)
46
What do ACE inhibs typically end in?
-pril
47
As well was blocking AGT conversion , what else does ACE inhibs prevent?
The breakdown of bradykinin -> Pain producing substance
48
Greatest risk of ACE inhibs?
Angioedema
49
AGT 2 antagonists typically end in ?
-artan "sartans"
50
What are the 3 main groups of diuretics
Thiazides Potassium sparing Loop
51
What group of drugs do nifedipine, amlodipine, felodipine, veramil and dilitiazem belong to?
Calcium channel blockers.
52
which Ca2+ blockers act on smooth mm. and which act on myocardium?
Smooth: nifedeipine, amlodipine, felopinine Myocardia: Verapamil, dilitiazem
53
What drug is used in conjuction with sodium nitroprusside to prevent reflect tachycardia?
B blockers
54
What do selective A blockers end in?
-Osin
55
What drug group do prazosin and terazosin belong to
selective A blockers
56
What 3 drugs can cause the triple whammy effect on the renal system?
ACE, AGT 2 + Diuretic + NSAID
57
Actions of Thionamides
Prevent iodine incorporation into thyroid hormone
58
Hormones that increase blood glucose
glucagon adrenaline cortisol growth hormone
59
Hormones which decrease blood glucose
Insulin
60
Other than insulin what else can be taken to manage type 2 diabetes?
oral antihyperglyaecimic drugs
61
Metformin actions
Decrease glucose production in liver increase glucose uptake in skeletal mm and fat cells decrease breakdown of fate decrease absorption of glucose in gut
62
main drawback of metformin
Lactic acidosis -> dont give to anyone with pulm disease, heart failure, shock or hepatic/ renal failure.
63
Drug examples of sulphonylureas
tolbutamide, glibenclamide, gliclazide
64
Main action of tolbutamide, glibenclamide, gliclazide
Increase insulin secreation
65
What drug group does tolbutamide, glibenclamide, gliclazide belong to?
sulphonylureas
66
Main action of glitazones (thiazodinediones)
increase glucose uptake in skeletal mm. fat cells and liver cells (increasing insuling sensitivity).
67
What are rosilitazone and pioglitazone examples of?
glitazones (thiazodinediones)
68
What drugs are associated with meglitinides
repaglinide (prandin), nateglinide (starlix)
69
repaglinide (prandin), nateglinide (starlix) belong to which group of drugs?
Meglitinides
70
main action of repaglinide (prandin), nateglinide (starlix) ?
Increase insuline secreation
71
Acarbose main action
reduces sugar digestion in GiT by acting on enzymes to inhibit them.
72
Hormones in adrenal cortex?
Glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, sex steroids
73
example of glucocorticoids and their action
Cortisol -> stress hormone, increases blood sugar, lipids. and suppresses immune response and inflammation . growth and repair also inhib.
74
example of mineralocorticoids and their action
Aldosterone -> Na+. retention and increases BP... also reduces K+ levels as a by product.
75
ending for anti-inflam glucocorticoids
-sone, -olone, -nide.
76
what are osteoblasts stimulated by?
oestrogen and stress
77
what are osteoclasts inhibited by?
testosterone
78
what are osteoclasts stimulated by?
low plasma Ca. levels
79
Action of parathyroid hormone?
increases plasma Ca. levels
80
What are etidronate, alendronate and zoledronic acid all examples of?
Bisphosphonates
81
Bisphosphonates drug examples
etidronate, alendronate and zoledronic acid
82
etidronate, alendronate and zoledronic acid actions
Inhibit osteoclasts

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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