Drug Toxicities Flashcards

Question

Gingival hyperplasia

Answer 1

Phenytoin, verapamil, cyclosporine, nifedipine

Answer 2

Furosemide, thiazides, niacin, cyclosporine, pyrazinamide (Painful Tophi and Feet Need Care)

Answer 3

Fibrates, Niacin, Colchicine, Hydroxychlorquine, Interferon-α, Penicillamine, Statins, Glucocorticoids, (Fish N CHIPS Give you myopathies)

Answer 4

Corticosteroids, heparin

Answer 5

Sulfonamides, Amiodarone, Tetracycline, Quinolone (SAT for a photo)

Answer 6

Anti-epileptics (Ethosuximide, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital) Allopurinol, Sulfa Drugs, Penicillin

Answer 7

SHIPPE MAQ: Sulfa Drugs, Hydralazine, INH, Procainamide, Phenytoin, Etanercept, Minocyline, a-methyldopa, quinidine

Answer 8

Tetracyclines

Answer 9

Fluoroquinolones

Answer 10

Lithium, demeclocycline

Answer 11

Expired tetracycline, Heavy metal exposure wilsons disease

Answer 12

Methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide

Answer 13

Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide (prevent by coadministering with mesna)

Answer 14

Carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide, SSRI's (Cant Concentrate Serum Sodium)

Answer 15

Quinidine, quinine, salicylates

Answer 16

Antipsychotics, reserpine, metoclopramide (rigidity of ARM)

Answer 17

Isoniazid, Bupropion, Imipenem/cilastatin, Tramadol, Enflurane, Metoclopramide (With seizures I BITE My tongue) Alcohol/Benzo withdrawal

Answer 18

Antipsychotics, metoclopramide

Answer 19

Atropine, TCAs, H1 blockers, neuroleptics, digoxin

Answer 20

Metronidazole, certain cephalosporins (cefoperazone), griseofulvin, procarbazine, 1st-generation sulfonylureas,

Answer 21

CLAV: Aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin,

Answer 22

CRABS MPNG, Carbamazepine Rifampin Alcohol use: Chronic Barbs St. Johns Wart Modafinil Phenytoin Nevirapine Griseofulvin

Answer 23

MAGIC RACKS GQV Macrolides Amiodarone Grapefruit juice INH Cimetidine Ritonavir (Protease -) Alcohol: Acute Ciproflaxacin (flouro) Ketoconazole (-azoles) Sulfonamides Gemfibrozil Quinidine Valproic acid

Answer 24

Anti-epileptics Antidepressants Antipsychotics Anesthetics Theophylline Warfarin Statins OCPs Always Always Always Always Think When Starting Others

Answer 25

Probenecid, Furosemide, Acetazolamide, Celecoxib, Thiazides, Sulfonamide antibiotics, Sulfasalazine, Sulfonylureas. (Popular FACTSSS) Patients with sulfa allergies may develop fever, urinary tract infection, pruritic rash, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, and urticaria (hives). Symptoms range from mild to life-threatening.

Answer 26

lithium Demeclocyline

Answer 27

Aminoglycosides, cisplatin, polymxin

Answer 28

N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione)

Answer 29

combined anion gap metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis. salicylates increase the sensitivity of respiratory centers --\> hyperventilation and resp alkalosis, while at the same time, metabolites of salicylates (lactic acid) cause metabolic acidosis. on labs, this looks like high PH, low Co2, High PO2 but with an anion gap treatment: NaHCO3 (bicarb) :Sodium bicarbonate facilitates conversion to the lipophobic, ionized form of salicylate (Sal−), which traps much of the compound in the bloodstream and increases its urinary excretion. Dialysis

Answer 30

Benzodiazepines (MOA = Benzodiazepines increase GABA binding to GABAa receptors,--\> Increases frequency of chloride channel opening at γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors--\> ) + nitroprusside for critical HTN

Answer 31

Atropine followed by pralidoxime

Answer 32

Physostigmine salicylate, control hyperthermia

Answer 33

Glucagon, atropine, saline

Answer 34

PALM: potassium if hypokalemic, anti-digoxin specific Fab fragments, lidocaine, magnesium mn: your digits come out of your palm

Answer 35

_De_**fer**oxamine, _De_**fer**asirox, _de_**fer**iprone mn: de (undo) - Fer (ferrous)

Answer 36

1. penicillamine 2. EDTA (calcium disodium EDTA) 3. dimercaprol, 4. succimer mn: PEDS eat lead

Answer 37

Dimercaprol (BAL), succimer

Answer 38

Penicillamine mn: "penny" -cillamine is copper

Answer 39

Nitrite + sodium thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamin

Answer 40

Methylene blue, vitamin C

Answer 41

100% O2, hyperbaric O2

Answer 42

Fomepizole then ethanol, +dialysis

Answer 43

Naloxone/naltrexone

Answer 44

Flumazenil mn: I FLU home in my benzo MOA: competitive antagonist at γ-aminobutyric acid receptor

Answer 45

NaHCO3 (bicarb) stabilizes cardiac cell membrane

Answer 46

Protamine sulfate

Answer 47

Fresh Frozen Plasma (immediate effect), Vitamin K (delayed effect)

Answer 48

Aminocaproic acid

Answer 49

Theophylline's effects arise from antagonism of adenosine receptors. Theophylline toxicity should be considered in any patient presenting with seizures, agitation, tachyarrhythmias, hypotension, or persistent vomiting, particularly if there is hypokalemia and hyperglycemia tx: based on presenting sx, but includes benzodiazapines for seizure, IV lactate ringer for hypotension, phenylephrine or norepinephrine for hypotension, then beta blockers if not working.

Answer 50

lactulose = disaccharide ==\> acidification of gut lumen after breakdown by bacteria ==\> trapping of ammonia

Answer 51

cyproheptadine = antihistamine w/anti-serotonin actions

Answer 52

slow infusion rate, tx with diphenhydramine (H1 blocker)

Answer 53

leucovorin rescue

Answer 54

Idarucizumab

Answer 55

Cyanide poisoning is commonly seen in the setting of household fires and presents with symptoms such as headache, vomiting, flushing, bright red venules on fundoscopy, and acrid, almond-like odor on the breath. Cyanide strongly binds to the iron within complex IV of the ETC, thus inhibiting electron transport and cellular respiration.

Answer 56

Ethylene glycol toxicity causes elevated serum osmolality, high anion gap metabolic acidosis, confusion, hematuria, and crystalluria.

Answer 57

cholesterol lowering drugs, glucocorticoids, colchicine

Answer 58

All benzodiazepines have a relatively high potential for causing dependency. Shorter-acting agents such as **oxazepam** and **alprazolam,** **temazepam**, and **triazolam** pose a great risk for toxicity and death. are particularly likely to cause dependency. Diazepam is a benzodiazepine with a long half-life. It is used mainly in the treatment of status epilepticus and delirium tremens. It has the potential for dependency, but its long half-life reduces onset and severity of withdrawal symptoms.

Answer 59

benzocaine (topical anesthetic) and dapsone (less commonly nitrates/nitrites in drinking ground water) pathophys: conversion of Fe2+ to Fe3+ ("increased heme iron oxididation") tell-tale sign: pts p/w cyanosis and low O2 sat not improved with supplemental oxygen

Answer 60

Acute toxicity is usually characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

Drug Toxicities Flashcards

(85 cards)