what is Vampiril?
ACE Inhibitor
What is Rampiril?
ACE Inhibitor
What do ACE inhibitors do?
inhibits the conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II.
Dilates vessles and makes you pee more, ultimately lowering BP.
What is Verapamil?
Calcium Channel blocker
What are the side effects of ACE inhibitors?
Cough
Angioedema
Hyperkalaemia
Drugs ending in “pril” are usually _______?
Ace inhibitors
Drugs ending in “Pine”
Calcium Channel Blockers
what are the side effects of calcium channel blockers
Ankle swelling,
Head ache,
constipation,
bradycardia
When would verapamil be used?
Hypertension
Angina
What do Calcium Channel Blockers do?
Relax vascular smooth muscle
reduce force of contraction.
When would you never use Calcium Channel Blockers?
In a patient already taking Beta Blockers
What do Thiazide type diuretics do?
Inhibit sodium reabsorption at the beginning of the distal convoluted tube.
Makes you pee
What are the side effects of Thiazide type Diuretics
You pee all your metal ions out
Hyponatraemia Hypokalaemia Dehydration Gout Arythmias
What is Furosemide?
Loop Diuretic
What is Bumetanide
Loop Diuretic
What do Loop Diuretics do?
Inhibit Na-K-CL transporter at the loop of Henle.
Reduces salt reabsorption
You pee more.
What are the side effects of Furosemide?
Hypotension, Hyponatraemia, Hypokalaemia, Hypocalcaemia,
Gout
When is Furosemide used?
Heart Failure,
Hypertension
When are Loop Diuretics used?
Heart Failure,
Hypertension
What is Atenolol?
Beta Blocker
What is Propranolol?
Beta Blocker
What receptor/s does Antenolol block?
Only blocks β1 adrenoreceptors
What receptor/s does Propranolol block?
blocks both β1 & β2 adrenoceptors
When would you use Atenolol?
Angina,
Heart failure,
Hyper tension.
What do beta blockers do?
reduce heart rate and force of contraction
When would you use Propranolol?
thyrotoxicosis
What are the side effects of Beta Blockers?
Bronchospasms
Cold peripheries
Fatigue
In which patients would you never give Beta Blockers?
Asthmatic Patients
Beta Blockers often make patients better/worse in the short term but better/worse long term
Beta Blockers often make patients worse in the short term but better in the long term.
What do Nitrates do?
Fast acting vasodilators
What is Isosobride mononitrate
Nitrate
What is Glycerin Trinitrate?
Nitrate
When would you use nitrates?
Acute heart failure
Angina.
What are the side effects of GTN spray?
Head aches
Hypotension (collapse)
How long should you avoid nitrate use to avoid tolerance?
8hrs/day
What is Asprin?
Anti-platelet agent
What is Clopidogrel?
Anti-platelet agent
What is Prasugrel?
Anti-platelet agent
What does Asprin and Clopidogrel do?
Prevent new thrombosis
When is Aspin or Clopidogrel used?
Angina
MI
Patients at risk of MI
What are the side effects of anti-platelet drugs?
Haemorrhage anywhere.
Peptic ulcer.
What would prompt you to not use anti-platelet drugs?
Suspected bleed eg Peptic ulcer.
What is Heparin?
Anticoagulant
What is Warfarin?
Anticoagulant
What is Rivaroxaban?
Anticoagulant
What is Dabigatran?
Anticoagulant
When are Anticoagulants used?
To prevent:-
Deep Vein Thrombosis
Pulmonary Embolisim
Used in:-
NSTEMI
Atrial Fibrilation.
What is the problem with anticoagulants?
If there is haemorrhage the bleeding wont stop.
How could you reverse the effects of anticoagulants?
Vitamin K
What is Streptokinase?
Fibrinolytic drugs (clot buster)
Name a clot busting drug
Streptokinase
When would you use streptokinase?
STEMI Pulmonary Embolism (sometimes)
What do statins do?
Lower Cholesterol
What are the side effects of Statins?
Myopathy
What does Adenosine do?
Causes transient Heart Block
Name an Anti-arrhythmic drug
Adenosine
What are the side effects of Adenosine?
Chest pain
Bronchospasm
In which patients should you never use Adenosine?
Asthmatic patients
What does Digoxin do?
Blocks AV conduction
Increases ventricular irritability.
What are the side effects of Digoxin?
Yellow vision Nausea Bradycardia Heart block Ventricle arrhythmias
Name a Short-acting beta 2 agonist
Salbutamol
Side effect of Salbutamol?
Tremor
What is Beclomethasone?
Inhaled Corticosteroid
What is Diproponate?
Inhaled Corticosteroid
What is fluticasone propionate?
Inhaled Corticosteriods
What do Inhaled corticosteroids do?
Local immunosuppressant
What are the side effects of inhaled corticosteroids?
Oral Candidiasis
stunted growth in children
Name a Long acting beta 2 agonist
Salmeterol or Formoterol
What is salmeterol?
Long acting beta 2 agonist
What is Formoterol?
Long acting beta 2 agonist
Side effects of LABA
Tremor
What Is monteleukast
Oral anti-inflammatory with a high therapeutic ratio
What is Ipratropium?
Short acting muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist
What does OSHIT stand for?
Oxygen Salbutamol Hydrocortisone IV Ipratropium Theophylline
Who is the best brain scape wizard?
your boi mikey S
what antibiotics would you use in a patient with community acquired pneumonia?
- Amoxicillin
2. Doxycycline if they are allergic to penicillin.
What antibiotics would you use in a patient with hospital acquired pneumonia?
IV amoxicillin, metronidazole and gentamicin
What antibiotics would you use in an acute exacerbation of COPD
- Amoxicillin
2. Doxycycline if they are allergic to penicillin.
What antibiotics would you use in subacute endocarditis?
Amoxicillin + Gentamicin
What antibiotics would you use in acute endocartitis
Flucloxacillin
What antibiotics would you use in Clostridium Difficile infection?
- Metronidazole
2. Vancomycin
What antibiotics would you use in an billary tract infection?
IV amoxicillin + metronidazole + Gentamicin.