Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Y3- TO LEARN > Drugs > Flashcards

Drugs Flashcards

(90 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Examples of typical anti-psychotics?

A 
Chlorpromazine
Thioridazine 
Fluphenazine 
Haloperidol 
Zuclopentixol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Examples of tricyclics?

A

Amitriptyline, imipramine, dosulepin, lofepramine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Examples of cholinesterase Inhibitors?

A

Donepezil, Rivastigmine, Galantamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Examples of dual reuptake inhibitors?

A

Venlafaxine, Duloxetine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Examples of benzodiazepines?

A

Lorazepam, diazepam, chlordiazepoxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Examples of MAOIs?

A

Moclobemide (reversible)
Phenelzine (irreversible)

When put fennel in food, it’s irreversible!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does memantine work?

A

Inhibits NMDA receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Acamprosate use?

A

Cravings in alcohol withdrawal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Disulfiram?

A

Antabuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Use of Tetrabenazine?

A

Treatment of chorea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Use of terbutaline?

A

Uterine hyperstimulation (or in foetal distress)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does syntometrine contain?

A

Oxytocin and ergometrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What can reverse opioid toxicity?

A

Naloxone/naltrexone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name some iron chelation agents?

A

Deferiprone
Deferoxamine
Deferasirox

(de-FER)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Examples of cholinesterase inhibitors?

A

Donepezil
Rivastigmine
Galantamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Side effects of cholinesterase inhibitors?

A 
N+V
Diarrhoea
Muscle cramps
Bradycardia
Worsen COPD/ASTHMA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dopamine agonists used in Parkinson’s + side effects?

A

Pramipexole
Ropinirole
Cabergoline

Nausea, oedema, impulsive behaviour/hallucinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which drugs are second line in MS if there are still new plaques while on DMDs?

A

Fingolimod
or
Monoclonal antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which disease modifying drugs can be used to reduce relapse frequency and severity in MS? (3)

A 
Inferon beta e.g. Avonex, Rebif, Betaseron, Extavia 
or 
Copaxone 
or 
Tecfedira
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Drug used in MND?

A

RILUZOLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Examples of MOAB inhibitors used in Parkinson’s?

A

Selegiline, Rasagiline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is Imatinib?

A

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition

For cancers with Philadelphia chromosome (CML, ALL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is Rituximab?

A

Monoclonal antibody than binds CD20 on lymphoma/leukaemia cells and induces lysis and apoptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is Ruxolitinib

A

JAK2 inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Side effects of MAOIs?
``` Postural hypotension Drowsiness Nausea Insomnia Constipation Peripheral Oedema ```
26
Side effects of tricyclics?
``` Cardiovascular= postural hypotension, tachycardia, arrythmias Cognitive= impairment in elderly anti-Cholinergic= blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention ``` + Weight gain, sedation
27
Examples of SSRIs?
Fluoxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, sertraline
28
Side effects of SSRIs?
N+V, headache, transient anxiety, agitation, sweating, sexual dysfunction, insomnia, HYPONATRAEMIA in elderly
29
Examples of dual reuptake inhibitors?
Venlafaxine, Duloxetine
30
Name an atypical anti-depressant and its use?
Mirtazapine | Supplement SSRIs to block serotonin side effects e.g. nausea can cause weight gain, sedation
31
Side effects of lithium?
GI upset, Tremor, HYPOTHYROIDISM, Weight gain, renal impairment, polydipsia, polyuria, sedation
32
Lithium toxicity signs include?
Vomiting, diarrhoea, ataxia, tremor, drowsiness, convulsions
33
Side effects of sodium valproate?
sedation, tremor, dizziness, GI upset, weight gain, TERATOGENIC
34
How to calculate number of units?
(% x volume)/10
35
How do typical anti-psychotics work?
Block D2 receptors
36
Side effects of typical anti-psychotics?
Acute dystonic reaction (muscle spasms) Parkinsonism Tardive dyskinesia (repetitive involuntary purposeless movements + inner restlessness) Hyperprolactinaemia (due to lack of prolactin inhibition by dopamine)
37
How do atypical anti-psychotics work?
Transient block D2 receptors, and block 5HT2 receptors too
38
Examples of atypical anti-psychotics?
Olanzapine Risperidone Quetiapine Clozapine
39
Side effects of atypical anti-psychotics?
``` MUSCARINIC BLOCKADE (blurred vision, dry eyes, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention) Metabolic syndrome (high CV risk) Sedation Increased appetite Postural hypotension ```
40
IQ of borderline LD?
70-84
41
IQ of mild LD?
50-69
42
IQ of moderate LD?
35-49
43
IQ of severe LD?
20-34
44
What causes memory loss, panic attacks and partial seizures?
Limbic encephalitis
45
First line medication in ADHD?
Methylphenidate (block dopamine transport) or Dexamphetamine
46
Which 2 anti-depressives to avoid in pregnancy?
Paroxetine (heart defects) | Citalopram
47
Can benzodiazepines be used in pregnancy?
NO | Increase malformations + floppy baby syndrome
48
Can lithium be used during pregnancy?
Yes | Monitor serum levels closely (toxicity can mimic pre-eclampsia)
49
Can lithium be used during breastfeeding?
NO | concentrated to baby
50
Is sodium valproate safe in breastfeeding?
Yes
51
Is tetracycline safe in breastfeeding?
No | absorbed by breastmilk- can discolour infant teeth permanently
52
Is carbamazepine safe in pregnancy?
No | Neural tube + facial defects
53
Is lamotrigine safe in pregnancy?
No | Oral cleft + stevens-johnson syndrome
54
Treatment of myasthenia gravis? (4)
Pyridostigmine- acetylcholinerase inhibitor IV immunoglobulin Steroids- azathioprine Thymectomy- for hyperplasia/thyoma
55
What should be used instead of meoclopramide for GI issues in Parkinson's disease?
Domperidone
56
Management of frontotemporal dementia?
Trazadone/ anti-psychotics
57
Treatment of Guillain-Barre?
Immunoglobulin infusion Plasma exchange Cyclophosphamide
58
Symptoms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)?
Rapid dementia Myoclonus Ataxia
59
Symptoms of extradural haemorrhage?
``` LUCID INTERVAL then: Stupor Ipsilateral dilated pupil Hemiparesis Coning ```
60
Symptoms of subdural haemorrhage?
``` Headache Confusion Drowsiness Fluctuating symptoms Focal deficit Stupor Coning ```
61
Symptoms of an uncal herniation?
``` Pupillary dilatation (ipsilateral) Hemiparesis (contralateral) ```
62
Management of partial (focal) seizures? (3)
Carbamazepine Lamotrigine Topiramate
63
Management of generalised seizures? (5)
``` Sodium Valproate Ethosuximide (absense) Levetiracetam Topiramate Lamotrigine ```
64
2 medical steps for TOP?
1. Mifepristone 200mg 24-48 hours later 2. Misoprostol
65
What kind of medication is mifepristone?
Anti-progesterone
66
What kind of medication is misoprostol?
Prostaglandin
67
When can vacuum aspiration take place?
6-12 weeks
68
When can dilatation and evacuation take place?
13-24 weeks
69
Which contraceptives CANNOT be started straight away after TOP?
Depo injection | Vaginal ring
70
How is Down's Syndrome screened for and when?
Nuchal thickness/translucency (11-13 wks) Bloods- HCG + AFP (15-20 wks) Amniocentesis (15 wks) or CVS (12 wks) (also NIPT)
71
What to do if an oral steroid has been used >2 weeks before labour?
Give IV hydrocortisone 100mg qid during labour
72
What is used as VTE prophylaxis if high risk in pregnancy?
Dalteparin
73
Which anti-hypertensives are used in pre-eclampsia and how do they work? (3)
Labetalol- alpha and beta antagonist (NOT IN ASTHMA) Nifedipine- Ca channel antagonist Methyl-dopa
74
Severe CONTINUOUS abdo pain + WOODY-HARD UTERUS?
Placental abruption
75
PAINLESS bleeding + soft abdo?
Placenta praevia
76
DOUGHY abdomen?
Placenta accreta
77
Mneumonic for CTG interpretation?
Dr C Bravado DR- define risk (high or low from Hx) C- contractions (frequency + duration) Bra- Baseline rate (fetal HR normal-110-160) Variability (at least 10-15bpm- reassuring) Accelerations (15bpm increase for 15 secs- reassuring) Decelerations (early- normal, variable- cord compression, late- hypoxia) Overall (reassuring, suspicious or abnormal)
78
Which hormones are in the implant + injection + IUS?
Progesterone
79
Which hormones are in the patch and ring?
Oestrogen + Progesterone
80
Describe the use of Levonelle (LNG- levonorgestrel) and mode of action
Up to 72 hours High dose progestogen Works before LH surge
81
Describe the use of ellaOne (UPA- ulipristal acetate) and mode of action
Up to 120 hours Anti-progestogen Works until after start of LH surge NOT IN SEVERE ASTHMA
82
When do you double dose of Levonelle (LNG- levonorgestrel)?
If >70kg or >26 BMI
83
When can't you use UPA- ulipristal acetate?
If other hormonal contraceptive was used in last 7 days
84
Features of early jaundice?
<24 hours Usually due to haemolysis (ABO incompatibility, Rhesus disease, Sepsis) (also polycythaemia, infection)
85
Causes of persistent unconjugated jaundice?
Breast milk jaundice Haemolysis Infection Hypothyroidism
86
Causes of persistent conjugated jaundice?
``` ALWAYS ABNORMAL Hepatitis Biliry atresia CF Down's Syndrome etc. ```
87
Examples of aromatase inhibitors?
Letrozole | Anastrozole
88
Side effects of aromatase inhibitors?
Joint stiffness/pain
89
Side effects of Trastuzumab?
Allergic reactions | Reversible cardiac failure
90
Side effects/complications of tamoxifen?
Menopausal symptoms, alopecia, anaemia | Increased risk of endometrial cancer, endometrial hyperplasia + polyps

Y3- TO LEARN (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions