Drugs affecting ANS

Question 1

length of symp fibers

Answer 1

short pre and long post

Question 2

length of para fibers

Answer 2

long pre and short post

Question 3

three major events at synapse

Answer 3

1. release NT
2. receptor binding and signal transduction
3. termination of NT

Question 4

How can you terminate NT?

Answer 4

1. enzymatic degradation
2. reuptake via monoamine transporter
3. diffusion

Question 5

where is ACh released?

Answer 5

1. para pre and post ganglionic neurons
2. symp preganglionic neurons
3. symp postganglionic neurons that innervate most sweat glands

Question 6

where is N,m receptors found?

Answer 6

NMJ

Question 7

binding of ACh N,m receptors

Answer 7

constriction

Question 8

were is N,n receptors found?

Answer 8

autonomic ganglion, adrenal medulla, CNS

Question 9

binding of ACh at N,n receptors at autonomic ganglionic

Answer 9

propagate AP

Question 10

binding of ACh at N,n receptors at adrenal medulla

Answer 10

release EPI and NE

Question 11

binding of ACh at N,n receptors in CNS

Answer 11

multiple effects

Question 12

where is M1 receptors found?

Answer 12

salivary glands and stomach

Question 13

where is M2 receptors found?

Answer 13

cardiac muscle

Question 14

where are M3 receptors found?

Answer 14

GI, glands, pupil, bronchiole and bladder and smooth muscle

Question 15

where are M4 and M5 receptors located?

Answer 15

CNS

Question 16

binding of ACh at M1 receptors on salivary glands and stomach

Answer 16

increase salivary and gastric secretion

Question 17

binding of ACh at M2 receptors on cardiac muscle

Answer 17

lower HR

Question 18

binding of ACh at M3 receptors on GI

Answer 18

increase gastric emptying and increase gut motility

Question 19

binding of ACh at M3 receptors on sweat glands

Answer 19

sweat gland secretion

Question 20

binding of ACh at M3 receptors on pupil

Answer 20

miosis (constriction)

Question 21

binding of ACh at M3 receptors on smooth muscle in bronchial and bladder

Answer 21

constriction

Question 22

what releases EPI?

Answer 22

adrenal medulla

Question 23

what releases NE?

Answer 23

adrenal medulla and symp postganglionic neurons

Question 24

what releases DA?

Answer 24

symp postganglionic neurons that innervate renal vascular muscle

Question 25

where does EPI preferentially binds?

Answer 25

alpha, beta 1-2 receptors

Question 26

where does NE preferentially binds?

Answer 26

alpha and beta1,3 receptors

Question 27

effect of binding alpha1 on vascular smooth muscle

Answer 27

contraction --> increase bp

Question 28

effect of binding alpha2 on some vascular smooth muscle

Answer 28

contraction --> increase bp

Question 29

effect of binding beta1 on heart

Answer 29

increase heart rate and force of contraction --> increase bp

Question 30

effect of binding beta1 on juxtaglomerular cells

Answer 30

increase renin release --> increase bp

Question 31

effect of binding beta2 on vascular smooth muscle

Answer 31

relaxation --> decrease bp

Question 32

Lung: β2 →

Answer 32

bronchodilation

Question 33

GI: α, β1/2 →

Answer 33

decrease motility

Question 34

GI:α, β2 →

Answer 34

sphincter contraction

Question 35

Salivary glands: α →

Answer 35

constriction

Question 36

Ocular: α1 →

Answer 36

mydriasis (dilation)

Question 37

Pancreas: α2 →

Answer 37

lower insulin release

Question 38

Pancreas β2 →

Answer 38

increase insulin release

Question 39

GU smooth muscle: α1 →

Answer 39

sphincter contraction

Question 40

Adipose: α2 →

Answer 40

lower lipolysis

Question 41

Adipose: β2,3 →

Answer 41

increase lipolysis

Question 42

Hepatic: α1, β2 →

Answer 42

increase glycogenolysis/gluconeogenesis

Question 43

what is the major mode of termination of catecholamines

Answer 43

reuptake via transporters

Question 44

degrading enzyme found in mitochondrial membrane of most cell types

Answer 44

MAO

Question 45

degrading enzyme found in liver, neurons and extracellularly

Answer 45

COMT

Question 46

isoform of MAO that degrades serotonin (5HT), DA, NE, E

Answer 46

MAO-A

Question 47

isoform of MAO that degrades DA more rapidly (found in blood platelets)

Answer 47

MAO-B

Question 48

what does COMT degrade?

Answer 48

DA, NE, EPI

Question 49

Where does sympathetic ganglionic fibers originate from?

Answer 49

thoracic-lumbar of spinal cord

Question 50

Where does parasympathetic ganglionic fibers originate from?

Answer 50

cranio-sacral of spinal cord

Question 51

why is ANS a good target for drugs?

Answer 51

ANS innervates almost every organ