drugs and the periodontium Flashcards
what antiepileptic drug has an adverse effect on the periodonium?
phenytoin
what effect does phenytoin have?
gingival hyperplasia
name and immunosuppressant that also causes gingival hyperplasia?
cyclosporin
what are other groups of immunosuppressants?
corticosteroids
cyclosporine
azathiprine
name three corticosteroids
prednisolone
betamethasone
hydrocortisone
what effect do corticosteroids have on the periodontium?
reduced inflammatory response
decreased swelling and bleeding
sometimes respond better to tx
who are at risk of adrenal crisis re. corticosteoroids?
patients taking high does within last 30 days
what other things should be taken into consideration re. corticosteroids?
increased susceptibility to infections eg. herpes simplex
impaired wound healing
what effect do NSAIDS have on periodontium?
increased levels of prostaglandins causing
decreased bleeding
decreased swelling
decreased bone loss
why NSAIDs not used in tx of perio?
GI irritation
what effects do sex hormones have on the periodontium? cellular level
oestrogen: promotes keratinisation and alters composition of connective tissues
progesterone: increased permeability of gingival vessels
what effects of sex hormones clinically?
increased inflammation
increased sensitivity to plaque
gingiva show vascular response- increased bleeding and GCF
what is a pregnancy epulus?
occurs 3rd tri of pregnancy
pedunculated granuloma
deep red and bleeds easily
tx of pregnancy epulus?
remove after birth
what effect do chemotherapeutic agents have?
patients are susceptible to perio disease due to decrease in white cell count
