Drugs by Name

Question 1

DMSO

Answer 1

enhances topical absorption, may be toxic

Question 2

Cimetidine

Answer 2

treats GERD in stomach by inhibiting P450

Question 3

phenobarbital

Answer 3

barbituate, induces CYP3A4,5,7

Question 4

probenecid

Answer 4

Co-penicillin drug, decreases excretion via urine

Question 5

bethanechol

Answer 5

Muscarinic antagonist, Gi bladder atony,

Question 6

muscarine

Answer 6

muscarinic agonist, treats glaucoma

Question 7

pilocarpine

Answer 7

muscarinic agonist, treats dry mouth and glaucoma

Question 8

nicotine

Answer 8

nicotinic agonist, CNS, both relaxing and stimulating

Question 9

physostigmine (for atropine OD), neostigmine

Answer 9

anticholinesterases, work GI, increase Ach, PS effects

Question 10

atropine

Answer 10

muscarinic antagonist, treats bradycardia, dilates pupils

Question 11

scopolamine

Answer 11

muscarinic antagonist, vestibular stimulation, locally for motion sickness

Question 12

hexamethonium

Answer 12

nicotinic antagonist, treats hypertension by lowering autonomic ganglia’s predominant input

Question 13

epinephrine

Answer 13

nonselective agonist, heart, lungs, vasculature (cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis)

Question 14

norepinephrine

Answer 14

agonist of alpha1, beta1, heart and vasculature, treats hypotension

Question 15

phenylephrine

Answer 15

Alpha 1 agonist, treats hypotension

Question 16

clonidine

Answer 16

Alpha 2 agonist, decreases NE secretion at synapse, treats hypertention

Question 17

isoproterenol

Answer 17

Beta1 and 2 agonist, heart, treats hypotension

Question 18

terbutaline, albuterol

Answer 18

Beta 2 agonist, treats asthma

Question 19

cocaine, amphetamine, ephedrine

Answer 19

indirect sympthomimetic psychostimulant

Question 20

imipramine

Answer 20

indirect sympthomimetic antidepressant

Question 21

tyramines can’t be broken down by MAOs (MAO inhibition)

Answer 21

hypertensive crisis when ______ causes increase in NE

Question 22

phenoxybenzamine,

Answer 22

alpha blocker, noncompetitive, treats hypertension

Question 23

phentolamine

Answer 23

alpha blocker, competitive, treats hypertension

Question 24

prazonsin

Answer 24

Alpha 1 blocker, treats hypertension

Question 25

yohimbine

Answer 25

Alpha 2 blocker, treats erectile dysfunction

Question 26

propranolol, pindolol, timolol

Answer 26

nonspecific beta blockers: reduce cardiac output, bronchoconstriction

Question 27

atenolol

Answer 27

Beta 1 blocker, treats hypertension

Question 28

carvedilol

Answer 28

Beta 1 & Alpha 1 blocker, lowers cardiac output and vasodilates

Question 29

methyldopa

Answer 29

false transmitter for NE, alpha 2 agonist (treats hypertension)

Question 30

reserpine

Answer 30

lowers NE uptake by VMAT, treats hypertension

Question 31

EDTA

Answer 31

Lead and Ca chelator

Question 32

Calcium Disodium EDTA

Answer 32

lead chelator, not Ca, fewer side effects than EDTA

Question 33

Dimercaprol (BAL)

Answer 33

Pb, As, Hg, Ag chelator

Question 34

Penicillamine (Cuprimine)

Answer 34

Pb and Cu chelator

Question 35

DMSA (2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid)

Answer 35

Pb chelator with multistep therapy to combat rebound

Question 36

deferoxamine

Answer 36

Fe chelator, treats hemochromatosis

Question 37

diphenhydramine (benadryl), dimenhydrinate (dramamine), Chlorpheniramine (chlortrimeton), Cyclizine (Marezine), Meclizine (Antivert, Bonine), Promethazine (Phenergan)

Answer 37

treat allergies by blocking peripheral H1 receptors + CNS

Question 38

Loratadine, Desloratadine, fexofenide, Cetirizine (Claritin, Clarinex, Allegra, Zyrtec)

Answer 38

treat allergies by blocking peripheral H1 receptors (not in CNS)

Question 39

Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine (Tagamet, Zantac, Pepcid)

Answer 39

treat stomach acid but lowering gastric acid secretion (H2)

Question 40

PGI2 (prostacyclin)

Answer 40

COX path: vasodilation, lowers platelet aggregation, lows gastric acid, increases mucus in stomach

Question 41

PGE2 (causes fever, pain) PGF2alpha, Misoprostol

Answer 41

COX path: induces labor, increases uterine contraction

Question 42

TXA2 (thromboxane A2)

Answer 42

COX path: increases platelets (TXB2 is product)

Question 43

corticosteroids

Answer 43

COX and Lipox pathway: anti-inflammation through lowered formation of free arachadonic acid

Question 44

LTB4

Answer 44

Lipoxy path: BLT1 receptor, attracts neutrophils

Question 45

LTC4

Answer 45

Lipoxy path: cycLT2 receptor, causes edema

Question 46

LTD4

Answer 46

Lipoxy path: cysLT1 receptor, causes bronchoconstriction

Question 47

Zileuton (Zyflo)

Answer 47

Lipoxy path: decreases 5-lipoxygenase, treats asthma, allergies

Question 48

aspirin

Answer 48

analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory: irreversibly inhibits COX, inhibits TXA at low doses

Question 49

salsalate

Answer 49

analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory: weakly inhibits COX, less GI irritation

Question 50

sodium salicylate

Answer 50

analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory: reversibly inhibits COX1,2, NF-kb

Question 51

diflusinal

Answer 51

analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory: competitively binds COX

Question 52

mesalamine, sulfasalazine

Answer 52

reversibly inhibits COX, treat inflammatory bowel disease

Question 53

acetaminophen (tylenol)

Answer 53

antipyretic, analgesic. Induces M404 in CNS, which reduces COX, not a good anti-inflammatory

Question 54

N-acetylcysteine

Answer 54

antidote for acetominophen OD, repletes glutathione levels in liver

Question 55

Indomethacin/Indocin (CNS side effects), Sulindac

Answer 55

Nonselective COX inhibitors: analgesics for arthritis (joints)

Question 56

Ibuprofen, naproxen

Answer 56

Nonselective COX inhibitors: analgesics for arthritis, dysmenorrhea (joints and muscles)

Question 57

ketorolac (Toradol)

Answer 57

Nonselective COX inhibitor: post-surgical

Question 58

Celecoxib (Celebrex), Rofecoxib (Vioxx)

Answer 58

COX-2 selective inhibtors: no GI side effects, but increased TXA causes cardiac effects