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Psych rotation > Drugs of abuse > Flashcards

Drugs of abuse Flashcards

1
Q

Benzo/EtOH intoxication

A
  • Disinhibition
  • Mood lability
  • incoordination
  • Slurred speech
  • ataxia
  • blackouts (EtOH)
  • Respiratory depression
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2
Q

Benzo/EtOH withdrawal

A
  • Tremulousness
  • HTN
  • Tachycardia
  • anxiety
  • Psychomotor agitation
  • nausea
  • seizures
  • hallucinations
  • DTs (EtOH)
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3
Q

Barbiturates intoxication

A

-Respiratory depression

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4
Q

Barbiturates withdrawal

A
  • Anxiety
  • Seizures
  • Delirium
  • Life-threatening cardiovascular collapse
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5
Q

Opioids Intoxication

A
  • CNS Depression
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • sedation
  • decreased pain perception
  • decreased GI motility
  • Pupil constriction
  • respiratory depression
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6
Q

Opioids withdrawal

A
  • Increased sympathetic activity
  • N/V
  • diarrhea
  • Diaphoresis
  • Rhinorrhea
  • Piloerection
  • yawning
  • stomach cramps
  • myalgias
  • arthralgias
  • restlessness
  • anxiety
  • anorexia
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7
Q

Amphetamines/cocaine intoxication

A
  • Euphoria
  • increased attention span
  • aggressiveness
  • psychomotor agitation
  • pupil dilatation
  • HTN
  • tachycardia
  • cardiac arrhythmias
  • psychosis: paranoia with amphetamines, Formication with cocaine
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8
Q

Amphetamines/cocaine withdrawal

A

Post-use “crash”:

  • Restlessness
  • headache
  • Hunger
  • severe depression
  • irritability
  • insomnia/hypersomnia
  • strong psychological craving
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9
Q

PCP intoxication

A
  • Belligerence
  • Impulsiveness
  • Psychomotor agitation
  • Vertical/horizontal nystagmus
  • hyperthermia
  • tachycardia
  • ataxia
  • psychosis
  • homicidality
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10
Q

PCP withdrawal

A

-May have recurrence of symptoms due to reabsorption in GI tract

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11
Q

LSD intoxication

A
  • Altered perceptual states (hallucinations, distortions of time and space)
  • elevation of mood
  • “bad trips” (panic reaction)
  • flashbacks (reexperience of the sensations in absence of drug use)
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12
Q

LSD withdrawal

A

none

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13
Q

Cannabis intoxication

A
  • Euphoria
  • Anxiety
  • Paranoia
  • slowed time
  • social withdrawal
  • increased appetite
  • dry mouth
  • tachycardia
  • amotivational syndrome
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14
Q

Cannabis withdrawal

A

none

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15
Q

Nicotine/Caffeine intoxication

A
  • Restlessness
  • insomnia
  • anxiety
  • anorexia
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16
Q

Nicotine/Caffeine withdrawal

A
  • Irritability
  • Lethargy
  • Headache
  • increased appetite
  • weight gain
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17
Q

How long does Alcohol stay in system?

A

few hours

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18
Q

How long does Cocaine stay in system?

A

2-4 days

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19
Q

How long does Amphetamines stay in system?

A

1-3 days

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20
Q

How long does PCP stay in system?

A

4-7 days

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21
Q

What labs are elevated in PCP use

A
  • Creatine phosphokinase (CPK)

- AST

22
Q

Short acting barbiturate?

Long acting?

A
  • Pentobarbital

- Phenobarbital

23
Q

How long does pentobarbital stay in system?

Phenobarbital?

A
  • 24 hours

- 3 weeks

24
Q

How long does Lorazepam (short acting) stay in system?

-Diazepam (long acting)?

A
  • up to 5 days

- up to 30 days

25
Q

How long will Urine drug test remain positive for opioids, depending on use?

A

1-3 dyas

26
Q

Which opioids will come up negative on a general screen so you need to order a separate panel?

A
  • methadone

- Oxycodone

27
Q

how long will marijuana stay in system?

A
  • after single use, about 3 days
  • in heavy users, up to 4 weeks
  • THC is released from adipose stores
28
Q

Treatment of alcohol withdrawal?

A
  • Benzodiazepine taper

- Librium (Chlordiazepoxide) or Ativan (Lorazepam) are drugs of choice

29
Q

Symptoms of amphetamine abuse?

A
  • euphoria
  • Dilated pupils
  • increased libido
  • tachycardia
  • perspiration
  • grinding teeth
  • chest pain
30
Q

Tactile and visual hallucinations are found in what 2 intoxications?

A
  • Cocaine

- PCP

31
Q

This is a very short acting Benzo antagonist used for treating Benzo overdose.

A

Flumazenil

-Use with caution when treating overdose, as it may precipitate seizures

32
Q

In the treatment of Sedative-Hypnotics, what can be used to prevent further GI absorption (if drug was ingested in the prior 4-6 hours)

A

-Activated charcoal and gastric lavage

33
Q

what is used in the treatment of barbiturates intoxication

A

-Alkalinize urine with sodium bicarbonate to promote renal excretion

34
Q

What opioid is a common ingredient in cough syrup

A

Dextromethorphan

35
Q

What opioid is the exception to opioids producing miosis

A

-Meperidine . . . “Demerol Dilates”

36
Q

What is the treatment of choice for opiate overdose

A

Naloxone

37
Q

What is the opioid receptor blocker that can be used in the treatment of alcohol use disorder

A

Naltrexone

38
Q

Long acting opioid receptor agonist that significantly reduces morbidity and mortality in opioid-dependent persons and is the “Gold standard” treatment in pregnant opioid-dependent women

A

Methadone

39
Q

Eating large amounts of what can result in a urine drug screen that is positive for opioids

A

poppy seed bagels or muffins

40
Q

This is a partial opioid agonist that is a sublingual preparation and is safer than methadone, as its effects reach a plateau and make overdose unlikely

A

Buprenorphine

41
Q

What does Suboxone contain

A
  • Buprenorphine and Naloxone

- More commonly used, as this preparation prevents intoxication from IV injection

42
Q

This is a competitive opioid Antagonist which precipitates withdrawal if used within 7 days of heroin. Good choice for highly motivated patients such as health care professionals

A

Naltrexone

43
Q

This is a pill form of THC that is FDA-approved for certain indications

A

Dronabinol

44
Q

What inhaled solvent may require chelation to treat

A

Leaded gasoline

45
Q

Result of concurrent alcohol use with H2 blockers?

A

higher BALs

46
Q

Result of concurrent alcohol use with Benzos, TCAs, narcotics, Barbiturates, and antihistamines

A

Increase Sedation

47
Q

Result of concurrent alcohol use with Aspirin and NSAIDs

A
  • prolonged bleeding time

- Irritation of Gastric lining

48
Q

Result of concurrent alcohol use with Metronidazole, sulfonamides, long-acting hypoglycemics?

A

Nausea and vomiting

49
Q

Result of concurrent alcohol use with Reserpine, nitroglycerin, hydralazine?

A

Increased risk of hypotension

50
Q

Result of concurrent alcohol use with Acetaminophen, isoniazid, and phenylbutazone?

A

increase hepatotoxicity

51
Q

Result of concurrent alcohol use with Antihypertensives, antidiabetics, ulcer drugs, gout meds?

A

Worsen underlying disease

Psych rotation (8 decks)

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