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PHARM > Drugs part 2 > Flashcards

Drugs part 2 Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Aldosterone Analog
Low Glucocorticoid effects
For primary adneral insufficiency

A

Fludrocortison (Mineralocorticoid replacement)

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2
Q

Sensitizes Calcium sensing receptors (CaSR) in parathyroid glans to circulating calcium to lower PTH levels

A

CinaCALcet

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3
Q

Non-absorbable phosphate binder that prevents phosphate absorption from GI tract for Hyperphosphatemia in CKD.

A

Sevelamer

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4
Q

↑ Catelcholamines (NE & Dopamine etc.) in the synaptic cleft. For ADHD.

A

Methylphenidate
Dextroamphetamine
Stimulants

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5
Q

Block Dopamine D2 receptor (↑ cAMP)

High Potency → Neuro/motor symptoms
Low Potency → Anti-cholinergic, Anti- histamine, Anti- alpha 1 effects

A

Anti-psychotics
High → Haloperidol, Trifluoperazine, Fluphenazine
Low → Chlorpromazine, Thiridazine

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6
Q

Not Well understood.
Most are 5HT & D2 antagonist
For schizophrenia or BP with psychotic symptoms

A 
Atypical Antipsychotics:
Apriprazole
–apines
–peridones
–rasidones
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7
Q

Stimulates 5HT1a receptor
Does NOT cause ADDICTION, sedation, tolerance or Etoh interference.
For depression.

A

Buspirone

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8
Q 
Inhibits 5HT (seretonin) reuptake
For depression
A 
Fluvoxamine
Paroxetine
Sertraline
Escitalopram
Fluoxetine
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9
Q

Inhibit 5HT & NE reuptake

A

SNRIs:
Venlafaxine
Duloxetine
–nacipran

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10
Q

List the TriCyclic Anti-depressants which inhibit 5HT & NE reuptake

A

Amitriptyline
Nortriptyline
Imi(pramine)

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11
Q

Non-Selective MAO inhibitors that cause ↑ levels of 5HT, NE, & Dopamine.

A

Phenelzine
Isocarboxid
Tranylcypromine
Selegiline

For when you’re in the MAO PITS

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12
Q

Anesthetics with ↓ Blood solubility have _____

A

RAPID induction & recovery time

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13
Q

Anesthetics with ↑ LIPID solubility have ____

A

↑ Potency

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14
Q

Anesthetics with ↑ Blood solubility have _____

A

SLOWER induction & recovery time

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15
Q

Anesthetics with ↓ LIPID solubility have ____

A

↓ Potency

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16
Q

Nitrous Oxide (N2O) has ↓ Blood/Lipid solubility thus __ induction & __ Potency

A

Rapid

↓

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17
Q

Equation used to determine the amount of inhaled anesthetic needed to knock out 50% of subjects.

A

Potency = 1/Min. Alveolar Conc.

Higher MAC = Lower potency

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18
Q

Halothane has ↑ Blood/Lipid solubility thus __ induction & __ Potency

A

Slow

↑

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19
Q

List the common suffixes for inhaled anesthetics

A

–fluranes
–halothanes
–Nitrous Oxide (N2O)

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20
Q

Inhaled anesthetics __ cerebral blood flow & __ cerebral metabolic demand

A

↑ flow

↓ metabolism

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21
Q

Inhaled anesthetics or Succinylcholine can cause what fatal adverse effect?

Study These Flashcards
A

Malignant Hyperthermia

*administer Dantrolene to cure

22
Q

IV anesthetic barbituate that facilitates GABAa.

Effects terminated by rapid redistribution into Fat

23
Q

IV anesthetic benzodiazepine that facilitates GABAa. Causes Anterograde amnesia

24
Q

IV anesthetic potentiates GABAa.
Used for short procedures
Rapid induction in ICU for sedation

25
Glutamate NMDA receptor ANTAGONIST IV anesthetic Causes Hallucinations, vivid dreams Sympathomimetic
Ketamine
26
Local anesthetics are administered with Epinephrine to enhance local action via vasoconstriction to ↓ bleeding/ blood flow (2)
↑ anesthesia concentration in the area | ↓ systemic concentration
27
Local Anesthetic ESTERS have the suffix
–caine | Only one letter i in the name BenzocaIne
28
Local Anesthetic AMIDES have the suffix
–caine | has 2 letter i in the name LIdocaIne
29
In infected (acidic) tissue anesthetics take on their CHARGED form & cannot penetrate the tissue as well. How is the dose adjusted?
Give higher dose of anesthetic
30
Order of loss in sensation due to local anesthetics (4)
Pain → Temperature → Touch → Pressure | PTTP
31
Block Leukotriene receptors | allergies
Montelukast | Zafirlukast
32
5–Lipoxygenase inhibitor to ↓ leukotriene synthesis
Zileuton
33
Anti IgE monoclonal Antibody binds: FcϵRI (IgE Fc receptor) & unbound SERUM IgE
Omalizumab
34
Inhibits Phosphodiesterase in smooth muscles to ↑ cAMP thus causing Bronchodilation Used for COPD & Asthma
Theophylline
35
Prevents Mast Cell Degranulation
Cromolyn
36
Prevents eosinophil differentiation, maturation, & activation mediated by IL-5 via an Anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody
Mepolizumab | Reslizumab
37
Anti IL-5 RECEPTOR (aka CD125) monoclonal antibody
Benralizumab
38
Reversible inhibitors of H1 histamine receptors
1st Generation Diphenhydramine, Dimenhydrinate, Chlorphenramine, Doxylamine 2nd Generation Loratadine, cetrizine, desloratadine, fexofenadine
39
Thins respiratory secretions | Expectorant
Guaifensin
40
Mucolytic | Liquifies mucus in COPD by disrupting disulfide bonds
N-acetylcystine | Acetaminophen OD antidote
41
Antagonizes NMDA glutamate receptor | Antitussive
Dextromethorphan | can cause serotonin syndrome
42
Endothelin receptor antagonist ↓ pulmonary vascular resistance
Bosetan | for pulmonary htn
43
Inhibits PDE-5 to ↑ cGMP & prolong vasodilatory effects of NO
Sildenafil (contraindicated with NO use) used for erectile dysfunction
44
PGI2 (prostacyclin) analog w/ vasodilatory effects on Pulmonary-vascular system
Epoprostenol | iloprost
45
Beta 2 AGONIST for Asthma Short acting Long acting
Short: Albuterol Long: Salmetrol, Formoterol
46
Inhaled inhibitor of NFkB whose transcription factors induce production of TNF alpha
Fluticasone | Budesonide
47
Competitively blocks M receptors to ↓ bronchoconstriction for COPD > Asthma
Tiotropium | Ipratropium
48
Binds Tubulin thus inhibiting fungal mitosis
Griseofulvin (for dermatophytes)
49
Inhibits fungal Cell Wall synthesis
–Fungins (Echinocandins)
50
Inhibits 14 alpha demethylase thus ↓ Egosterol synthesis from Lanosterol
–Azoles

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