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Pharmacology > Drugs that affect the nervous system > Flashcards

Drugs that affect the nervous system Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

DEXAMATHASONE IS

A

POTENT CORTICOSTEROID

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2
Q

WHAT IS DEXAMATHASONE USED FOR

A 
SEVERE ANAPHYLAXIS
ASTHMA 
COPD
CEREBRAL EDEMA
URTICARIA
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3
Q

PRECAUTIONS OF DEXAMATHASONE

A

USE ONE DOSE

LONG TERM USE CAUSES:

GI BLEEDS
SLOW WOUND HEALING
SUPPRESSION OF NATURAL STEROIDS

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4
Q

HOW IS DEX GIVEN?

A

IV

4 - 10mg

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5
Q

ALL CORTICOIDS HAVE THIS PROPERTY

A

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

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6
Q

HOW DOES MANNITOL WORK?

A

ITS AN OSMOTIC DIURETIC

INCREASES BLOOD OSMOLARITY

DECREASES SODIUM/WATER ABSORPTION IN KIDNEYS REDUCING TOTAL BODY SODIUM/WATER

PROMOTES FLUID MOVEMENT FROM ICS TO ECS

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7
Q

MANNITOL USES?

A

CEREBRAL EDEMA

BLOOD TRANSFUSION REACTIONS

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8
Q

MANNITOL LESSENS CEREBRAL EDEMA HOW?

A

LOWERS ICP BY DEHYDRATING BRAIN TISSUE

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9
Q

MANNITOL ONSET
PEAK EFFECT
DURATION
HALF LIFE

A

MANNITOL ONSET 15 MINUTES
PEAK EFFECT 3 - 8 HOURS
DURATION VARIABLE
HALF LIFE 100 MINUTES

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10
Q

MANNITOL CONTRAINDICATIONS

A

ACUTE PULMONARY EDEMA
SEVERE PULMONARY CONGESTION
PROFOUND HYPOVOLEMIA

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11
Q

MANNITOL PRECAUTIONS

A

CAUSES CHF IF GIVEN RAPIDLY

DEPLETES SALT

CRYSTALIZES AT LOW TEMP.

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12
Q

MANNITOL DOSE

A

IV
1.5 to 2.0 g/KG BOLUS

GIVEN SLOWLY
ELIMINATES THE CHANCES OF CHF

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13
Q

METHYLPREDNISOLONE USE

A

SAME AS DEX EXCEPT SPINAL CHORD INJURY NOT CEREBRAL EDEMA

PEAK EFFECTS MUCH LATER 4-8 DAYS

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14
Q

WHAT DO BENZOS DO?

A

SEDATIVE
ANXIOLYTIC
ANTICONVULSIVE

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15
Q

HOW DO BENZOS WORK?

A

BY POTENTIATING GABA

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16
Q

DILANTIN USE

A

MAJOR MOTOR SEIZURES
STATUS EPILEPTICUS
DIGITALIS TOXICITY DYSRHYTHMIAS

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17
Q

DILANTIN ACTION

A

SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER

STOPS SUSTAINED RAPID FIRING OF NEURONS DURING A SEIZURE

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18
Q

CONTRAINDICATIONS DILANTIN

A

HYPERSENSITIVITY
BRADYCARDIA
HIGH GRADE HEART BLOCK

CHRONIC USERS OF THE DRUG MUST HAVE BLOOD LEVEL DETERMINED BEFORE ADMIN

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19
Q

PHENOBARBITAL

LUMINAL

Study These Flashcards
A

BARBITURATE
SEDATIVE
ANTICONVULSANT

20
Q

LUMINAL USE

LUMINAL CAUTION

Study These Flashcards
A

MAJOR MOTOR SEIZURES
STATUS EPILEPTICUS
ACUTE ANXIETY STATE

(KIDS WILL BECOME HYPERACTIVE)
(DECREASES BP AND RESPS)

21
Q

ADMINISTERING O2 RAISES OXYGEN LEVEL BY INCREASING 02 CONCENTRATION OF

Study These Flashcards
A

INSPIRED%
ALVEOLI%
ARTERIAL%
CELL%

22
Q

02 SIDE EFFECTS

Study These Flashcards
A

POSSIBLE FREE RADICAL INDUCTION
MUCOUS MEMBRANE DRYING–>EPISTAXIS
RAISES TOXICITY OF PARAQUAT AND DIAQUAT

23
Q

HYDROCORTISONE IS CONSIDERED A _____ ______ STEROID

Study These Flashcards
A

“SHORT ACTING”

24
Q

EFFECT OF ACETYLCHOLINE ON CARDIAC RECEPTORS

Study These Flashcards
A

NEGATIVE CHRONO
NEGATIVE INO

CLOSES CALCIUM CHANNELS
OPENS POTASSIUM CHANNELS

25
SNS EFFECT ON KIDNEY FUNCTION
STIMULATES RAS VASOCONSTRICTION SODIUM/WATER RETENTION INCREASING BP
26
EPI
SYMPATHETIC AGONIST ACTS FAST LASTS SHORT USED TO INDUCE BRONCHODILATION
27
BETABLOCKER - ANTICHOLINERGIC - RELATIVES?
NO
28
BETA BLOCKER USE
V ARRHYTHMIAS REFRACTORY TO LIDOCAINE AND BRETYLIUM ``` NEG INO NEG CHRONO NEG DROMO DECREASE BP DECREASE MYOCAR O2 DEMAND Negative Inotropic effects Negative Chronotropic effects Negative Dromotropic effects Lowers blood pressure Lowers myocardial oxygen demand ``` INDICATED FOR VETRICULAR DYSRHYTHMIAS REFRACTORY TO LIDOCAINE AND BRETYLIUM
29
BETA BLOCKER CONTRAINDICATIONS
BRADYCARDIA ASTHMA COPD CHF MAY MASK HYPOGLYCEMIA - CAUTION DIABETICS KEEP ATROPINE CLOSE BY
30
PATHO OF BETA BLOCKERS
BLOCKING B1 AND B2 CAUSES CARDIOVASCULAR SEDATION/VASODILATION, BRONCHOSPASM AND CHF
31
PHARMA TREATMENT OF BB OVERDOSE
HARD DUE TO PROFOUND HEMODYNAMICS GLUCAGON IS THE ANTIDOTE IF SUCH A LARGE DOSE IS ABAILABLE 3 - 10 MG BOLUS FOR SEIZURES USE BENZOS - DILANTIN OR LUMINAL FOR REFRACTIONS B2 AGONIST FOR BRONCHOSPASMS -- AMYNOPHYLENE IF SEVERE
32
Lidocaine and other cocaine derivatives therapeutic uses
antiarrhythmic and local/topical anasthetic it's a sodium channel blocker used for life threatening ventricular arrhythmias refractory to amiodarone. suppresses depolirazation and automaticity in the ventricles. does not slow AV conduction or depress contractility (at therapeutic doses). Mainly a NEGATIVE CHRONOTROPIC effect. Sometimes used for AMI and dlectrical defibrillation Burns, musculoskeletal trauma pain topical anesthetic
33
calcium channel blockers uses, pharmacodynamics etc
verapimil, diltiazem negative dromotropic, anti-hypertensive agents, reduce myocardial oxygen demand used in cases ventricular arrhythmia refraction to adenosine
34
amiodarone is an
pottasium channel blocker ANTIARRHYTHMIC indicated during unresponsiveness to other antiarrhythmics treats life threatening arrhythmias (ventricular) prolongs action potential of all cardiac tissues 2 month half life
35
which drugs have anti arrhythmic and anti-convulsive properties?
Dilantin
36
Atropine uses etc
Hemodynamically significant bradycardia Asystole Organophosphate poisonings
37
PARASYMPATHOLYTIC is the same as
ANTICHOLINERGIC
38
DIGOXIN (LANOXIN) USE
CARDIAC GLYCOSIDE FOR CHF AND V-DYSRHYTHMIAS INOTROPE - INCREASES>>CARDIAC OUTPUT
39
HEPARIN WHAT IS IT
RAPID ACTING ANTI-COAGULANT | **STOPS** FIBRINOGEN-->FIBRIN
40
HEPARIN USE
UNSTABLE ANGINA NON Q WAVE MI DVT AND PULMONARY EMBOLISM PREVENTION
41
STREPTOKINASE WHATS IT
STREPTOCOCCI ENZYME | ACTIVATES HUMAN PLASMINOGEN
42
STREPTOKINASE USE
A FIBRINOLYTIC
43
ANISTREPLASE WHATS IT
A NEWER FIBRINOLYTIC WITH PURIFIED HUMAN PLASMINOGEN
44
MORPHINE WHATS IT WHATS ITS INDICKATION
CNS DEPRESSANT POTENT ANALGESIC FOR MI PAIN KIDNEY STONES
45
ALBUTAROL (SALBUTAMOL, VENTOLIN, PROVENTIL) WHATS IT TO YA
B2 ADRENERGIC SYMPATHOMIMETIC FOR BRONCHIAL ASTHMA REVERSIBLE COPD BRONCHOSPASM
46
EPI IS
NATURAL CATECHOLAMINE/SYMPATHETIC AGONIST FOR: BRONCHIAL ASTHMA COPD ANAPHYLAXIS
47
DEXTRAMATHOSONE MAIN ACTION BABY
ANTI INFLAMMATORY

Pharmacology (4 decks)

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