Drugs Used in Sports Flashcards
(24 cards)
What type of drugs reduce pain and inflammation?
local anesthetics, narcotics, corticosteroids
What type of drugs increase endurance and speed?
amphetamines, blood agents
What type of drugs increase strength?
Anabolic steroids
Historically, which type of drugs are most abused in this context?
amphetamines, anabolic steroids
What is masking?
When athletes take a naturally occurring drug that might interfere with the steroid to mask the detection of the steroid - doesn’t work
What is stacking?
When athletes take multiple types of anabolic steroids, but only a portion of a full dose from each (so total amount taken is one full dose). The athlete can stop taking the drug e.g 5 days before an event rather than 10 days before so system will not detect the drugs.
What is pyramiding?
When athletes build up the dose of steroid and then taper it off closer to the event as to not be detected.
What is doping control/how is it done?
Detecting performance enhancing drugs e.g steroids - by measuring drug in urine or relating to endogenous factors - e.g low testosterone shows steroid use..
What did ancient greeks use and what did aztecs use as performance enhancing drugs?
greeks - stimulants e.g before battle - aztecs - ate heart of human e.g before war
What did Belgian racers use as performance enhancing drugs?
sugar cubes dipped in ether
What did early 1900s racecar drivers use as performance enhancing drugs?
brandy and cocaine
What drug has been used historically in long distance running?
Strychnine
What does propanolol do?
alters heart rate
Why is data of steroid use hard to obtain?
athletes/people won’t admit to it
What do amphetamines do/toxicities?
Increase heart rate/bloop pressure - could be serious or fatal if dose too high, CNS excitation
What is a well known designer amphetamine?
modafinil - amphetamine-like response, less jitteriness, appeared in 2003 olympic trials
Which are the most common sports in which anabolic steroids are used?
heavy sports- football, weight lifting, wrestling, running precision sports - gymnastics
what do u need for steroids to work?
amino acids! high protein diet
What comes out of an androgenic response?
Secondary sex characteristics
What does an anabolic response do?
Promote growth and muscle development
Why was there little to no effect shown in trials for anabolic steroids?
Athletes use 20-200 times larger dose than therapeutic dose, also could have motivational response and other effects in real situation
What is the effect of anabolic steroids on an athlete from early studies?
Increased weight lifted load, shorter recovery between training sessions, anticatabolic effect
What are toxicities of anabolic steroids? (men)
Reduced testosterone, reduced sperm production, altered liver function (hepatis, liver failure, liver cancer), gynecomastia, changes in libido, mood swings, aggression “roid rage”
What are toxicities of anabolic steroids in women?
Irreversible: Increase in facial/body hair
deeper voice
coarser skin
enlarged clitoris
Reversible: amenorrhea
inc. libido
aggression
acne
