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MYCO FINALS > dsdna virus pt 1 > Flashcards

dsdna virus pt 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

TRANSMISSION: Respiratory, fecal-oral and direct contact

A

ADENOVIRUS

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2
Q

26-45 kbp, Protein-bound to termini infections Naked

A

ADENOVIRUS

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3
Q

unique among icosahedral viruses bc it has “fibers” projecting from each of the 12 vertices or penton bases

A

ADENOVIRUS

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4
Q

DNA (13%), Protein (87%)

A

ADENOVIRUS

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5
Q

Hexon and penton capsomeres are the major components on the surface of the virus particle.

A

ADENOVIRUS

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6
Q

in adenovirus, it is are associated with hemagglutinating activity

A

Fibers

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7
Q

Replicate and produce disease in the: -
Respiratory
Gastrointestinal
Urinary Tracts
Eye

A

adenovirus

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8
Q

In immunocompromised: multiple organ disorders (hemorrhagic cystitis)

A

adeno

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9
Q

persist as latent infections in adenoids and tonsils

A

Group C viruses

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10
Q

PAPOVAVIRIDAE

A

A. Papillomaviridae (HPV types 1 to 58+)
B. Polyomaviridae (SV 40, BK and JC)

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11
Q

DNA (10%); Protein (90%)

A

HPV

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12
Q

Transmission: Direct contact (skin, sexual intercourse, through birth canal)

A

hpv

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13
Q

Causes stratum spinosum to thicken (warts)

A

hpv

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14
Q

has Koilocytes

A

hpv

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15
Q

: enlarged keratinocytes with clear haloes around shrunken nuclei

A

koilocytes

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16
Q

Benign oral and laryngeal papillomas; and anogenital warts (condylomata acuminata) are caused by

A

HPV-6 and 11.

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17
Q

Benign and malignant tumors ( Cervical CA

A

HPV-16 and 18):

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18
Q

Viral nucleic acid can be found in basal stem cells but late gene expression is restricted to the uppermost layer of differentiated keratinocytes.

A

hpv

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19
Q

Histopathologic examination of warts: prickle cell hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis

A

papillomaviridae

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20
Q

papillomaviridae treatment

A

opical Treatments
Cryotherapy
Electrocautery
Laser Therapy
Surgical Excision

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21
Q

vaccine that protects against HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58

A

Gardasil 9

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22
Q

Major Proteins:T antigens (T and t antigens) – Involved in viral replication and oncogenesis

A

polyomavirus

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23
Q

– Structural proteins that form the viral capsid of polyomavirus

A

VP1, VP2, VP3 proteins

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24
Q

Transmission: Respiratory route (via aerosols or contaminated surfaces)

A

POLYOMAVIRUS

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25
Oncogenic in mice and monkeys but does not cause human disease
SV 40
26
Was inadvertently introduced to humans via contaminated polio vaccines (1950s–1960s)
SV 40
27
Can cause tumors in animal models, but its role in human cancer remains unclear
SV 40
28
Latent: Infects kidneys
Bal Krishnan
29
Primary Infection: Usually asymptomatic or causes mild respiratory symptoms Renal disease and UTI
BK
30
Affects kidney transplant recipients, leading to graft loss
BK virus-associated nephropathy (BKVN) –
31
– Seen in bone marrow transplant patients
Hemorrhagic cystitis
32
Kidneys, B cells, monocytes and others
JC
33
Oligodendrocyte infection results in demyelination
JC
34
Enlargement of astrocytes (glioblastomas)
JC
35
Primary Infection: Usually asymptomatic Latent Infection: Persists in kidneys, bone marrow, and other tissues Reactivation in Immunocompromised Individuals
JC
36
Causes Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) –
JC
37
A severe, fatal demyelinating disease of the brain
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
38
LAB DIAGNOSIS For PML:
CT scan or MRI, histopath exam of brain
39
LAB DIAGNOSIS For Polyomaviruses in general:
Southern blot and PCR ▪ Cell cultures difficult ▪ Urine cytology: enlarged cells with dense basophilic intranuclear inclusions
40
URINE HAS enlarged cells with dense basophilic intranuclear inclusions
POLYOMAVIRUS
41
– Used experimentally for BK virus nephropathy
Cidofovir
42
– Sometimes used for PML in patients on natalizumab
Plasma exchange
43
Syncitium at neutral pH
HERPESVIRIDAE
44
Replication: Nuclear replication with characteristic intranuclear inclusions
HERPESVIRIDAE
45
Disease caused: oral herpes, herpetic keratitis, whitlow, and gladiatorum, eczema herpeticum, HSV encephalitis meningitis and proctitis.
HSV-1
46
Latency site: Trigeminal ganglia
HSV-1
47
Associated disease: Cold sores, encephalitis
HSV-1
48
Genital Herpes
HSV-2
49
Latency site: Sacral ganglia
HSV-2
50
Associated disease:Genital ulcers, neonatal herpes
HSV-2
51
Histochemistry of Tzank Smear: multinucleated giant cells with Cowdry type A inclusion bodies
HSV-2
52
VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS Varicella: Zoster: Latency Site:
VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS Varicella: Chickenpox Zoster: Shingles Latency Site: Dorsal root ganglia
53
Attaches to cells that express complement C3d receptor (CR2 or CD21)
EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS
54
Disease caused BY EBV
Disease caused: A. Burkitt's lymphoma –Africa; tumor of jaw and face B. Oral hairy leukoplakia – lesions in mouth C. Nasophayrngeal CA –Asia D. Infectious mononucleosis: West
55
Latency site: B cells
EBV
56
Malaise, lymphadenopathy, tonsillitis, enlarged spleen and liver and fever
INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS
57
Rare complications: meningitis, encephalitis, myelitis and Guillain-Barrè syndrome, secondary infections, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia N
INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS
58
Infected B cells are transformed →Activation of suppressor CD8 T lymphocytes (a.k.a. Downey cells)
INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS
59
Blood smears: Downey cells
INFECTIOUS MONONCLEOSIS
60
Serologic: Heterophile (IgM) antibodies that react with Paul-Bunnell antigen
INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS
61
Latency Site: Monocytes
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS
62
Immunocompromised: cytomegalovirus retinitis, interstitial pneumonia, colitis, esophagitis and encephalitis
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS
63
Retinitis, Pneumonia
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS
64
Tissue biopsy: Cytomegalinic cells with Owl's eye inclusion bodies
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS
65
Exanthum subitum or roseola infantum
HHV-6 :
66
Kaposi's sarcoma
HHV-8:
67
Latency site: B cells & Endothelial cells
hhv 6 and 8
68
Latency site: B cells & Endothelial cells
herpesivirus
69
TRANSMISSION of herpesiviruses
HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV – Direct contact (saliva, skin, genital secretions) EBV, CMV – Saliva, blood, organ transplants HHV-6, HHV-7 – Saliva HHV-8 – Sexual contact, blood transfusions
70
TREATMENT Used for HSV & VZV
Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Famciclovir –
71
treatment Used for CMV
Ganciclovir, Valganciclovir –
72
treatment for drug-resistant cases IN HERPESIVIRUS
Foscarnet, Cidofovir – For drug-resistant cases
73
74
DNA, enveloped, complex structure (oval or brick-shaped)
POX VIRUS
75
Two subfamilies: Vertebrate Insect
POX VIRUS
76
Largest
POX VIRUS
77
Uniquely occurs in the cytoplasm (carries its own DNA-dependent RNA polymerase)
POX VIRUS
78
Forms Guarnieri bodies (cytoplasmic inclusion bodies)
POX VIRUS
79
Orthopoxviruses:
Variola, Vaccinia, Monkeypox and Cowpox
80
Parapoxviruses:
Orfand Milker’s node viruses
81
Unclassified:
Tanapox and Yabapox
82
Enter through mucous membranes of URT
VARIOLA
83
Pustules become infected with bacteria → sepsis
VARIOLA
84
Proliferation of prickle cells Infiltration with mononuclear cells Inclusion bodies Ballooning
VARIOLA
85
Causes a smallpox-like illness with lymphadenopathy (differentiating feature).
MONKEYPOX VIRUS
86
Zoonotic Orthopoxvirus (transmitted from rodents, primates).
MONKEYPOX VIRUS

MYCO FINALS (6 decks)

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