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EPPP 2014 > DSM5 > Flashcards

DSM5 Flashcards

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0
Q

What is the difference between other specified disorder or unspecified disorder?

A

other SPECIFIED disorder = certainty about what criteria is missing
UNspecified disorder = not sure what is missing

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1
Q

What is the new term for “NOS”?

A

other specified disorder or unspecified disorder

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2
Q

What is the age of onset of Intellectual Disability?

A

“the early developmental period”

trying not to be too rigid on age of onset

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3
Q

How is severity of ID determined?

A

based on adaptive functioning in conceptual, social and practical domains AND IQ.

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4
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder?

A

persistent deficits in social communication
restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests and activities
symptoms present from early developmental period

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5
Q

What are better prognostic indicators for ASD?

A

communication skills by age 5 or 6, IQ over 70, later onset of Sx.

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6
Q

What is the change in age of onset for ADHD from DSM4 to DSM5?

A

onset before age 12 (was age 7)

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7
Q

How many symptoms does an individual under age 17 need for an ADHD diagnosis?

A

5

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8
Q

etiology of ADHD

A

lower-than-normal activity in frontal lobes and BASAL GANGLIA

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9
Q

Tx for ADHD

A

stimulant medications
behavioral management
neurofeedback (EEG biofeedback)

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10
Q

Diagnostic criteria for Specific Learning Disorder

A

difficulties with academics indicated by presence of AT LEAST ONE Sx for at least 6 MONTHS despite provision of appropriate interventions. (Sounds like RTI)

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11
Q

subtypes of SLD

A

with impairment in…
…reading
…written expression
…mathematics

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12
Q

What is the new name for Stuttering?

A

Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder

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13
Q

Tx for Childhood Onset Fluency Disorder?

A

habit reversal training (awareness training, competing response training, and social support)
reduce stress in the family

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14
Q

Diagnostic criteria for Tourette’s Disorder

A

multiple motor tics
one or more vocal tics
duration of at least one year
age of onset before age 18

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15
Q

Schizoprehia Spectrum Disorders duration

A

Schizophrenia = 60 days or more
Schizophreniform Disorder = 30 - 60 days
Brief Psychotic Disorder = 1 - 30 days

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16
Q

Schizophrenia Dx criteria

A

at least TWO active phase symptoms for at least ONE MONTH
with one Sx being delusions, hallucinations or disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, or negative Sx

continuous signs of disturbance for at least 6 MONTHS

level of functioning has been below level achieved prior to onset for significant portion of time

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17
Q

prognosis of Schizophrenia

A 
better prognosis = 
good premorbid adjustment
abrupt and LATER onset
precipitating stressor
female
insight into illness
no family history
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18
Q

etiology of Schizophrenia

A

heredity
excessive levels of dopamine
enlarged ventricles
hypofrontality

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19
Q

Schizophreniform Disorder criteria

A

2 or more active phase Sx
30 - 60 days duration
at least one being delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech

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20
Q

Brief Psychotic Disorder diagnostic criteria

A

one or more Sx
at least one being delusions, hallucinations, or disorg speech
duration: 1- 30 days

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21
Q

Schizoaffective Disorder diagnostic criteria

A

concurrent Sx of Schizophrenia and major depression or manic episode
EXCEPT for a period of at least 2 weeks without mood Sx

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22
Q

manic episode

A

abnormally and persistent elevated, expansive or irritable mood
goal-directed activity or energy
for AT LEAST ONE WEEK
with at least THREE Sx
sx cause impaired functioning, require hospitalization, and/or include psychotic features

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23
Q

hypomanic episode

A

same as manic except:

for at least FOUR DAYS
does not require hospitalization or impair functioning, no psychotic features

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24
major depressive episode
5 or more Sx at least one being depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure Sx last for AT LEAST TWO WEEKS cause significant distress or impaired functioning
25
Sx of major depressive episode
insomnia or hypersomnia fatigue feelings of worthlessness impaired ability to think or concentrate
26
Bipolar I
at least one manic episode may or may not be preceded or followed by major depressive or hypomanic episodes marked impairment in functioning or require hospitalization ***MANIA but not necessarily with MDD episode***
27
Bipolar II
at least one hypomanic episode + at least one MDD ***Must include MDD episode***
28
Cyclothymic Disorder
numerous periods of hypomanic + depressive symptoms | for AT LEAST TWO YEARS in adults, ONE YEAR in child/adolescents
29
Major Depressive Disorder
at least one MDD episode | need at least FIVE Sx with one being depressed mood
30
MDD specifiers
--with peripartum onset onset during pregnancy or four weeks following delivery 10-20% have symptoms sufficiently severe for MDD Dx -- with seasonal pattern hypersomnia, overeating, weight gain, carb craving temporal pattern with time of year
31
Persistent Depressive Disorder
different from MDD depressed mood for at least TWO YEARS in adults, ONE YEAR in child/adolescents MDD is one episode
32
Beck's cognitive triad model of depression
negative view of self, world, and future
33
best therapies for depression
CBT, interpersonal
34
highest rates of suicide
highest for Whites | except Native Americans ages 15-34 (rate 2.5 times higher than national average for that age group)
35
duration of Separation Anxiety Disorder
4 weeks in children/adolescents 6 months in adults (Adults can have it too now due to no more kid section of DSM)
36
Social Anxiety Disorder (used to be social phobia)
intense fear/anxiety about social situations due to exposure to scrutiny by others avoids situation or endures them with marked distress
37
Panic Disorder treatment
best treatment: exposure with response prevention | CBT
38
Agoraphobia
fear/anxiety about 2 of 5 situations,, due to concern that escape might be difficult or help unavailable in case of panic-like or embarassing symptoms.
39
best treatment for agoraphobia
in vivo exposure with response prevention
40
GAD treatment
best: CBT medications: SSRIs, benzos, anxiolytics
41
OCD treatment
exposure with response prevention clomipramine (tricyclic) or SSRI
42
Reactive Attachment Disorder
inhibited, emotionally withdrawn behavior toward adult caregivers history of extreme insufficient care
43
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
inappropriate and overly familiar verbal and physical behavior with unfamiliar adults history of extreme insufficient care
44
PTSD symptom categories
intrusion symptoms avoidance of stimuli associated with event negative alterations in cognition and mood alterations in arousal
45
PTSD treatment
CBT with exposure, cognitive restructuring, anxiety management EMDR
46
Somatic Symptom Disorder
presence of at lest one somatic symptom causes distress or significant disruption of daily life excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors related to symptoms
47
Conversion Disorder diagnosis
disturbance in voluntary motor or sensory functioning suggesting serious neurological or medical condition BUT is incompatible with recognized medical conditions causes distress or impaired functioning
48
what is the "conversion V" on the MMPI2?
elevated scales 1 and 3, depressed scale 2 1 - somatic (high) 2 - depression (low) 3 - hysteria (high)
49
Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self or Another
FALSIFICATION of symptoms in oneself or another engages in deception even in ABSENCE OF EXTERNAL REWARD Malingering = same, but FOR an external reward
50
Frotteuristic Disorder
rubbing on nonconsenting adult | history of acting on urges or experiencing significant distress or impaired functioning
51
Transvestic Disorder
cross-dressing for purpose of sexual arousal | cause distress or impaired functioning
52
Substance Use Disorder
continue to use despite significant substance-related problems. 4 Sx categories: impaired control social impairment risky use pharmacological criteria (tolerance and withdrawal)
53
Sx of Alcohol Withdrawal
``` autonomic hyperactivity hand tremor insomnia nausea, vomiting transient hallucinations anxiety psychomotor agitation generalized tonic-clonic seizures ```
54
Alcohol-Induced Major Neurocognitive Disorder 2 types
nonamnestic-confabulatory | amnestic-confabulatory (aka Korsakoff's Syndrome) -- includes both retro and anterograde amnesias
55
Marlatt's relapse prevention therapy (RPT)
identifies circumstances that increase risk of relapse: | situations that elicit strong emotions, alcohol-related cues
56
Personality Disorders characterized by:
stable, enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior deviates from expectation of person's culture is pervasive began in early adulthood causes significant distress or impairment
57
Cluster A: Odd-Eccentric Behaviors
Paranoid: distrusting and suspicious Schizoid: indifference to interpersonal relationships + restricted range of emotion. They chose NOT TO HAVE CONTACT WITH OTHERS. Schizotypal: interpersonal deficits + eccentricities in cognition, perception, and behavior. They are ODD but WANT CONNECTION with others.
58
What is the difference between Schizoid and Schizotypal?
Schizoid does not want contact with others. Schizotypal is odd, but WANTS contact with others. (SchizoTYPAL is the type that wants connection.)
59
Cluster B Personality Disorders: Dramatic, Emotional or Erratic
Antisocial: disregard for and violation of rights of others; lack of empathy, inflated sense of self, superficial charm. Borderline: impulsive, unstable personal relationships and self-image. Histrionic: excessive emotionality and attention-seeking. Narcissistic: grandiosity, need for admiration, lack of empathy.
60
Cluster C Personality Disorders: Anxiety or Fearfulness
Avoidant: social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitive to negative evaluation. (fearful of humilitation by social contact) Dependent: need to be taken care of, submissive/clingy behavior, fear of separation. (get into unhealthy reciprocal relationships) Obsessive-Compulsive: preoccupied with orderliness, perfectionism, interpersonal control. DOES NOT HAVE COMPULSIONS LIKE OCD. overly consciensious, dedicated to work, makes others feel poorly.
61
Biological siblings are ___ times more likely to develop Sxhizophrenia than the general population.
10
62
The highest rates of suicide for individuals ages 15-34 are for
Native Americans
63
Differential diagnosis between PTSD and Acute Stress Disorder?
PTSD = only after one month of symptom duration Acute Stress Disorder = symptoms for less than one month (2 days - 4 weeks)
64
criteria for two types of Neurocognitive Disorder
``` major = more than-2.0 SD mild = -1 to -2.0 SD ``` neuropsych measure in complex attention, learning and memory, perceptual-motor, social cognition
65
changes to Substance Use & Dependence
* merged into one disorder w/spectrum of severity * 2-3 Sx = mild 4-5 Sx = moderate 6 or more = severe * legal problems REMOVED * cravings ADDED
66
Depersonalization Disorder changed to...
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
67
Is Dissociative Fugue a separate disorder or a specifier?
now a specifier
68
How did Dissociative Identity Disorder Criteria A change?
expanded to include functional neurological symptoms identity transitions can be observed by others or self gaps in memory can be every day events not just the trauma
69
Somatization Disorder and Undifferentiated Somatoform Disorder are now merged into ______.
Somatic Symptom Disorder (and is now a spectrum disorder)
70
What is Binge-Eating Disorder?
new, essentially Bulimia Nervosa without recurrent inappropriate compensatory behavior
71
What are the new Breathing-Related Sleep Disorders?
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea ("underbreathing" or shallow breathing) Central Sleep Apnea Sleep-related Hypoventilation
72
What are the 3 new symptom categories for ODD?
angry/irritable mood argumentative/defiant behavior vindictiveness
73
What is the new modifier for Conduct Disorder, and what does it mean?
"with limited prosocial emotions" means more severe presentation
74
What are the changes to SLD?
all one diagnosis now, with subtypes 6 months intervention with little or no gains NO MORE discrepancy formula Severity ratings: mild, moderate, severe
75
What is the new specifier for Body Dysmorphic Disorder?
"with muscular dysmorphia"
76
What are the changes to Acute Stress Disorder and PTSD?
trauma event must be explicit | criterion re: subjective reaction REMOVED
77
What are the changes to PTSD?
now Sx in 2 clusters diagnostic thresholds lowered for children and adolescents separate criteria for child under age 6
78
What happened to Hypochondriasis?
now Somatic Symptom Disorder -- OR -- Illness Anxiety Disorder Pain Disorder = can be medically explained
79
What are the changes to Autism?
now a single condition, with different levels of severity, across 2 domains: social communication, restricted, repetitive behaviors Level 1 - requires support Level 2 - requires substantial support Level 3 - requires very substantial support
80
What are the new specifiers for Autism?
with/without intellectual impairment with/without language impairment associated with known medical or genetic condition or environmental factor associated with another neurodevelopmental, mental or behavioral disorder with catatonia
81
What are the changes to ADHD?
examples added to facilitate application across lifespan cross situational requirement = strengthened "several Sx in each setting" age of onset now changed to before 12 subtypes replaced with: "presentation specifiers" adults = 5 Sx children=6 Sx
82
Delerium, Dementia & Amnestic and Other Cognitive disorders are now called ______.
Nuerocognitive Disorders
83
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders renamed ______.
Schizophrenic Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
84
Intellectual Disability severity is determined by....
adaptive functioning, NOT IQ | conceptual, social, practical
85
What does 'global delay' mean?
ID under age 5 and cannot be assessed
86
New name for Phonological Disorder?
Speech-Sound Disorder
87
Social (pragmatic) Communication Disorder is new. Does it overlap with ASD?
no! It is own classification.
88
differential Dx between situational type of Specific Phobia, Agoraphobia, and Social Anxiety Disorder?
Specific Phobia==> anxiety involves only ONE situation and related only to situation itself Social Anxiety Disorder==> fear is related to being negatively evaluated by others; person is usually calm when left alone (not true for Agorophobia.) Specific Phobia==> only involves one situation related to situation itself
89
Anorexia may be attributed to ______ levels of ______.
high serotonin | fasting lowers serotonin
90
Bulimia may be attributed to _____ levels of ______.
low serotonin | binging increases serotonin
91
What are the 4 symptom groups for Substance Use Disorders?
impaired control social impairment risky use tolerance and withdrawal (pharmacological criteria)
92
What is the difference between Schizoid and Schizotypal Personality Disorder?
schizotypal = bizarre/eccentric; DISCOMFORT with personal relationships schizoid = detached from personal relationships; restricted range of emotion in interpersonal settings

EPPP 2014 (7 decks)

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