DTM 15 Marker Flashcards
(31 cards)
What is the DTM used for
Used as a concept in geography that explains how birth rates, death rates, and total population change overtime as a country develops
What does the DTM consist of
This model consists of 5 stages, each representing a different pattern of population growth based on economic and social development
What is the impact of examining these stages
We can understand the factors influencing population dynamics and how they vary across different regions and periods of history
Describe BR and DR in stage 1
Both birth rates and death rates are extremely high and fluctuating
Why are death rates high in stage 1
Limited access to medical care
Poor sanitation
Widespread infectious diseases
Food shortages
Lack of medical knowledge
Why are birth rates high in stage 1
Need for agricultural labour
High infant mortality
Lack of family planning and contraception
Describe the popular toon growth in stage 1
Very minimal
Name a country in stage one
Amazonian tribes
Describe BR and DR in stage 2
Dramatic decline in death rates and birth rates still remain high and fluctuating
Why do death rates decrease rapidly in stage 2
Improvements in healthcare and sanitation and food supply
Vaccinations
Antibiotics
Better public health measures that reduce spread of disease
Agricultural developments decrease risk of famine
Why do birth rates remain high in stage 2
Cultural traditions
Advantages of large families for labour
Limited access to contraception
Describe population growth in stage 2
Rapid population growth
Example of a country in stage 2
Afghanistan
Describe BR and DR in stage 3
Birth rates begin to fall and death rates remain low
Why does birth rates start rising fall in stage 3
Societies become more urbanised and industrialised
Education is improved especially for women
Increased access to contraceptives lead to smaller family sizes
Economic changes from agriculture to industrial work
Cost of living and raising children becomes extremely high in urban areas
Why do death rates remain low in stage 3
Medical advancements
Improved living standards
Describe population growth in stage 3
Population growth slows but remains positive
Example of a country in stage 3
Nigeria
Describe BR and DR in stage 4
Low birth rates and low death rates
Why do birth rates decline in stage 4
More widespread access to education
Career focused lifestyles
Availability of family planning services
Couples having children later in life
Why do death rates remain low in stage 4
Advancements in healthcare systems
Improved quality of life
Death rates may start to rise due to ageing population
Describe population growth in stage 4
High and stable
Example of a country in stage 4
UK
Describe BR and DR in stage 5
Birth rates fall below death rates
