Dual Credit US History Exam 3 Flashcards

Question

Democrat nominee to run against McKinley. He was a three-time presidential candidate, but never won the presidency. He is perhaps best remembered for his “Cross of Gold” speech passionately arguing for the free coinage of silver, a policy he believed would inflate the money supply and aid farmers who were struggling.

Answer 1

William Jennings Bryan

Answer 2

Populist Party

Answer 3

Upton Sinclair

Answer 4

John Wilkes Booth

Answer 5

The Great Migration

Answer 6

Thaddeus Stevens

Answer 7

Mark Twain

Answer 8

Reconstruction was the time following directly after the Civil War. The War had left much damage on the people and places of the United States, and the Reconstruction aimed to ‘rebuild’ what had been broken and destroyed. Success in this endeavor would not only result in more stability for the country, but also would serve to restore hope to the many who had lost it. The era of Reconstruction occurred from 1865 to 1867. Andrew Johnson took over this directly after President Abraham Lincoln’s assassination in 1865. Johnson was a Southern Democrat, and he sought to reintegrate the Southern States quickly with merciful conditions. His approach was criticized, however, as being too lenient and failing to protect the rights of freedom. Although it began with President Andrew Johnson, it quickly became a “battleground” of sorts between the Radical Republicans and the more moderate Republicans and Democrats. For Radical Republicans, Reconstruction was their chance to remake the South, giving civil rights to freedmen and ensure their political participation. They passed the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments, which abolished slavery and granted African Americans more freedom and rights. Despite these advances, there was much resistance from many whites, and violence often broke out in the South, undermining these efforts. Reconstruction ultimately ended in failure to achieve lasting racial equality. The Southern economy struggled and many were left in poverty, especially slaves who had been freed. While some good did stem from it, like significant legal and constitutional progress, it failed in bringing about true social and political equality overall. This time set the stage for segregation and much hatred that would last for decades to come.

Answer 9

Industrialization and immigration dramatically reshaped American society in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As industries like steel, oil, and textiles boomed, cities expanded rapidly, attracting millions of immigrants from Europe, Asia, and elsewhere. These new arrivals provided cheap labor, fueling industrial growth but also faced crowded, poor living conditions in urban areas. While industrialization created job opportunities, it also led to exploitation and harsh working conditions, particularly in factories and mines. Urbanization brought both positive and negative effects. For immigrants, cities offered better prospects than rural areas, though they often endured low wages, long hours, and unsafe working environments. However, urbanization also allowed for the rise of new social and cultural institutions, like ethnic neighborhoods, churches, and community organizations. For native-born Americans, urbanization sparked concerns over cultural change and competition for jobs, but it also led to economic growth and the expansion of middle-class life, particularly for those who could adapt to the new industrial economy. The roles of women evolved during this period as industrialization created new job opportunities outside the home, particularly in textiles, teaching, and office work. However, women still faced significant gender inequality in wages and working conditions. Government also evolved to address the challenges of industrial society, with labor reform laws aimed at improving working conditions, child labor restrictions, and the introduction of antitrust laws to break up monopolies. The federal government expanded its role through regulations, tariffs to protect American industries, and a growing focus on managing the economy, marking a shift toward a more interventionist state.

Answer 10

The growth of American cities in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was driven by industrialization, which created job opportunities in factories and businesses concentrated in urban centers. As industries expanded, cities became hubs of economic activity, attracting both native-born Americans and immigrants. Cities offered the promise of steady employment, better wages, and improved living standards compared to rural areas, leading to rapid urbanization and a surge in population. Many minorities and immigrants were drawn to the cities due to the availability of factory jobs and the relative anonymity that urban life provided. Immigrants, especially from Europe, sought refuge from poverty, political instability, and lack of opportunity in their home countries. Cities offered them the chance to start anew, find work, and establish communities. For African Americans, migration to urban areas, especially during the Great Migration, offered an escape from the rigid segregation and limited opportunities in the South. However, the conditions in urban areas for the working class, poor, and minorities were often harsh. Many lived in overcrowded, unsanitary tenements with inadequate ventilation, plumbing, and basic services. Workers endured long hours, low wages, and unsafe working conditions in factories. Minorities, particularly African Americans and immigrants, faced discrimination and were often relegated to low-paying, menial jobs. While cities promised opportunity, the realities for many were poverty, poor health, and social marginalization.

Answer 11

history is so fun

Answer 12

almost done!

Dual Credit US History Exam 3 Flashcards

(46 cards)