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Spanish Wine Scholar > Duero River Valley > Flashcards

Duero River Valley Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

what is the name of the pre-roman city which later lent its name to the region of Bierzo

A

Bergidum

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2
Q

what were the 3 Celtic tribes which inhabited the Duero river valley

A

Astures, Vacceos and the Celtiberians

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3
Q

What city did the Celtiberians burn rather than allow its occupation by the Romans

A

Numancia

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4
Q

what is a prime example of Roman engineering in the Duero river valley

A

The aquaduct of Segovia

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5
Q

who conquered the Duero after the fall of the Roman empire

A

The Visigoths and then the Moors

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6
Q

what is the name of the pilgrims route through Galcia to Santiago de Compostella

A

The Camino de Santiago ( the way of St James )

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7
Q

what is the city in the Duero Valley which was the home of the Royal Court and the heart of Castile

A

Burgos

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8
Q

what is the ancient name for Rueda the wines of which were favored by Queen Isabella

A

Tierra de Medina

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9
Q

When were Ferdinand and Isabella married

A

1469

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10
Q

After Burgos what became the capital of Castile

A

Valladolid

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11
Q

when was the Spanish Civil War and the start of the Franco regime which ended any attempts at autonomy

A

1939

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12
Q

In which direction does the Duero flow

A

East to West

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13
Q

Who was the winemaker at Vega Sicilia founded in 1864

A

Don Elroy Lecanda y Chaves

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14
Q

What encouraged creation of autonomous regions again after the Franco regime ended

A

The Spanish Constitution of 1978

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15
Q

which regions of Castile chose autonomy as a result of the 1978 constitution. What region followed suit in 1983

A

La Rioja and Cantabria

Castilla y Leon

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16
Q

Which is Spain’s largest autonomous region and is completely landlocked

A

Castilla y Leon

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17
Q

What are the 9 provinces of Castilla y Leon

A

Avila, Burgos, Leon, Palencia, Salamanca, Segovia, Soria, Valladolid and Zamora

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18
Q

what is the climate of Castilla y Leon

A

Continental

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19
Q

what are Spain’s 3 coldest provincial capitals and which region are they located in

A

Avila, Soria and Burgos located in Castilla y Leon

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20
Q

what is the average elevation of the mountainous Castilla y Leon region

A

2,700 ft

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21
Q

what is the largest river basin on the Iberian peninsula

A

Duero River Basin ( 37,000 square miles )

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22
Q

what forms a natural border between Castilla y Leon and Asturias / Canabria

A

Cordillera Cantabrica and Montes de Leon

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23
Q

what forms a natural southern border between Castilla y Leon and Castilla la Mancha and Madrid

A

Sistema Central

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24
Q

what mountain range lies to the east of Castilla y Leon

A

Sistema Iberico

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25
what is the highest mountain in the Castilla y Leon region
Torrecerredo in the Picos de Europa at 8,600 ft
26
In general what are the soils of the river valleys in the Castilla y Leon region
clay, alluvium or stony sandy soils with some limestone
27
which grapes is authorized in all but one of the 13 DOs of Castilla Y Leon....what is that DO
Tempranillo. DO Bierzo
28
what are the synonyms of Tempranillo in Castilla y Leon
Tinto de Toro, Tinta del Pais and Tinto Fino
29
which 3 DOs in the NW of Castilla y Leon make red wine from grapes other than Tempranillo
Bierzo ( Mencia ), Tierra de Leon and Valles de Benavente ( Prieto Picudo )
30
Rueda specializes in white wine from which grape(s)
Verdejo and Sauvignon Blanc ( and sometimes Viura )
31
what are the soils of the plains of Castilla y Leon
Brown limestone with clay loam and sand
32
How were the vines of Castilla y Leon trained...why ?
Gobelet, En Vaso. To protect from the harsh sun
33
How are wines made from international varietals in "unauthorized" quantities labelled in Castilla y Leon
VT Castilla y Leon
34
what is the clarete method of producing Vinos Rosada and where is it practiced primarily
White and Red grapes are crushed and vinified as a vino tinto. DO Cigales
35
what are the soils of Bierzo
Granite, limestone, quartzite, slate
36
what are the preferred red and white grapes of Bierzo
Godello and Mencia
37
which area is Biezo climatically closer to than the rest of Castilla y Leon
Green Spain
38
is the elevation in Bierzo higher or lower than the rest of the region
lower
39
In Bierzo what percentages of Mencia must red and rose wines contain
70 and 50% respectively
40
What is the profile of red wine made in Bierzo from Mencia grapes
Bright, fresh, moderate tannin, raspberry, red plums, rosemary and thyme
41
what are the soils of Cigales
Sand and limestone top soil over clay and loam
42
what are the preferred red and white grapes of Cigales
Tempranillo, Garnacha Tinto / Verdejo, Garnacha Gris
43
which tributary of the Duero does Cigales straddle
Pisuerga River
44
what is the name of the family owned and farmed plots of land in Cigales which supply grapes to winemakers
Majuelos
45
In Cigales white wine must contain what percentage of which grapes
50% Verdejo
46
In Cigales red and rose must contain what percentage of preferred grapes
50%
47
what is the predominant soil type of RDD
Sandy limestone and clay
48
what is the average elevation of vineyards in RDD
2,500 - 3,100 ft
49
what is the preferred red grape of RDD...what is the authorized white grape
Tempranillo / Albillo Major
50
Proximity to which 2 mountain ranges creates an extreme continental climate in RDD
Sierra de la Demanda and Sierra de Guadarrama
51
who was the winemaker who made successful wines from single varietal Tempranillo grown around the village of Pesquara de Duero in the 1970s
Alejandro Fernandez
52
when did the explosion in the number of RDD winemakers take place
1980s
53
what is Tempranillo known as in RDD
Tinto Fino / Tinta del Pais
54
What % of which grape must RDD red wine comprise. What white grapes are permitted in the blend and to what %
75% Tempranillo. Garnacha Blanca and Albillo Major are permitted to 5% of the overall blend
55
what is the primary use for Albillo Major in RDD
Production of Vino Rosado and non DO vino blanco
56
describe the profiles of RDD joven, crianza, reserva and gran reserva red wines
Joven are medium bodied with moderate tannin and color with flavors of ripe strawberry and black plum. Crianza and Reserva are more concentrated and have a more profile that is more savory and spicy than fruity. Gran reservas are full bodied with supple polymerized tannins and complex tertiary flavors
57
what style of wine is predominantly produced in Rueda
Vino blanco made from Verdejo
58
what is the soil type of Rueda
Gravel and stone. Sandy limestone and limestone
59
what is the typical elevation of Rueda
2,200 to 2,600 ft
60
what are the preferred red and white grapes of Rueda
Tempranillo and Verdejo
61
what is the profile of Verdejo
Grass, lemon, lime and peach
62
who led the process of change in Rueda from bulk wine production from Palomino to crisp fruity wines from Verdejo in the 1970s
Francisco Hurtado de Amezaga of Marques de Riscal in Rioja
63
how do older vs newer plantings of Verdejo in Rueda compare in terms of how they are trained
Older vines are planted en vaso while newer plantings are espaldera to allow mechanized harvesting
64
what are the varietal compositions of Rueda's white wine styles
Rueda - 50% Verdejo Rueda Verdejo - 85% Verdejo Rueda Sauvignon - 85% Sauvignon Blanc Rueda Espumoso - 50% Verdejo ( Seco / Semi Seco) 85% Verdejo ( brut / brut nature ) Rueda Durado - Oxidatively aged using only approved white varietals
65
True or False. Rueda is Spain's largest producer of white wine
True. It produces 40% of Spain's white wine
66
what is rthe predominant soil type of DO Toro
sand and clay with limestone
67
what is the typical elevation of DO Toro
2,200 to 2,700 ft
68
what are the preferred red and white grapes of Toro
Tinto de Toro and Malvasia Castellana / Dona Blanca / Verdejo
69
what is the climate of DO Toro
extreme continental
70
what kind of soils, predominant in Toro are resistant to phylloxera
Sandy
71
if red wine is blended in Toro what is it typically blended with - what % of which grape is required by DO law
must be 75% tinto de toro and occasionally blended with garnacha tinta
72
what is the typical profile of Toro red wine
Fruit forward, fresh, bold, tannic with soft acidity. Age well

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