DVT

Question 1

risk factors

Answer 1

age, pregnancy, oestrogen, trauma, surgery, past DVT, cancer, obesity, immobility, thrombophilia

Question 2

signs

Answer 2

calf warmth/tender.swelling/erythema. mild fever, pitting oedema

Question 3

DDX

Answer 3

cellulitis, ruptured Bakers cyst

Question 4

test

Answer 4

D dimer- sensitive but not specific

Question 5

what is sufficient to exclude DVT

Answer 5

negative D dimer and low Wells score

Question 6

what score is used in DVT

Answer 6

wells score

Question 7

what investigation if D dimer positive or high Wells score

Answer 7

ultrasound

Question 8

prevention

Answer 8

stop COC 4w before surgery, mobilise early, LMWH heparin, compression stockings, fondaparinux

Question 9

treatment

Answer 9

LMWH- enoxaparin 1.5mg/kg/24h, fondaparinux.

Question 10

how long should a cancer patient have LMWH for in treatment

Answer 10

6m

Question 11

when should warfarin be started

Answer 11

simultaneously with LMWH. (warfarin is prothrombotic for first 48h). stop heparin when INR 2-3

Question 12

how long should be on anticoag

Answer 12

3months if post op, 6m if no cause if found

Question 13

how many points on wells score is DVT unlikely or likely

Answer 13

=2 likely