Dynamics Flashcards
(11 cards)
What is mass?
The property of a body which resists change in motion
Mass is a scalar quantity and is often measured in kilograms.
Define linear momentum.
The product of mass and velocity
Linear momentum is a vector quantity and is represented as p = mv.
What is force?
Push or pull that causes a change in momentum to a body when acting on it
Force is measured in newtons (N).
State Newton’s 1st law.
In the absence of resultant force acting on it, a body at rest will remain at rest and a body in motion will continue in motion at constant velocity
This law is also known as the law of inertia.
What does Newton’s 2nd law state?
Rate of change of momentum of a body is (directly) proportional to the resultant force acting on the body, and the momentum change takes place in the direction of the resultant force
This law can be expressed as F = ma.
Define impulse.
The product of average force and the time during which it acts
Impulse is also equal to the change in momentum.
State Newton’s 3rd law.
When body A exerts a force on body B, body B exerts a force of equal magnitude but opposite direction on body A
This law implies that forces always occur in pairs.
What is the Principle of Conservation of Linear Momentum?
When bodies in a system interact, the total momentum remains constant, provided no resultant external force acts on the system
This principle is fundamental in analyzing collisions.
Define elastic collision.
A kind of collision in which kinetic energy is conserved
In elastic collisions, both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.
What is an inelastic collision?
A kind of collision in which kinetic energy is not conserved
Inelastic collisions can result in deformation or generation of heat.
Define complete inelastic collision.
A kind of collision in which the bodies join together after collision
In a complete inelastic collision, the maximum kinetic energy loss occurs.
