dyslipidemia drugs Flashcards
what are dyslipidemic drugs?
-used to decrease blood lipids(normal total serum cholesterol is less than 5.2mmol L
what is the normal total serum cholesterol level?
less than 5.2 mmol L
HMG-COA reductase inhibitors (statins) are the most _____ anti-lipidemic
effective
HMG-COA reductase inhibitors (statins) usually taken at what time?
bed time (because body makes most amount of lipids at night)
statins (HMG COA reductase inhibitors) decrease what?
LDL cholesterol
adverse effects of statins:
- hepatotoxicity: as evidenced by increase in AST (ex. no statins with liver disease
- myopathy: as evidenced by muscle aches, pains and tenderness, may progress to myositis or rhabdomylosis
- peripheral neuropathy: as evidenced by weakness, numbness, tingling and pain in hands and feet
statins medications and food interactions
- fibrates and ezetimbie increase risk of myopathy
- medications that suppress CyP3A4, such as erythromycin and ketoconazole, can increase level of statins when taken cocurently
- grapefruit juice suppresses Cyp3A4 and can increase levels of statins
main adverse effects of bile acid sequestrants
-main adverse effects are GI discomfort, constipation, and diarrhea, may cause gallstones
Fibrates
MOA: increase the oxidation of fatty acids in the liver and muscle tissue, decreasing hepatic production of triglycerides, VLDL and increase HDL
when taking dyslipidemic classification drugs fibrates ________ must be reduced
warfarin dosage
Niacin (nitonic acid) also known as B3
-decrease cholesterol and triglycerides by inhibiting mobilization of free fatty acids from peripheral tissues
Niacin (nitonic acid) some adverse effects are
- high doses of it are required and it may cause skin flushing, pruritus, and gastric irritation
- may also cause hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, elevated liver enzymes and hepatitis
