Dyslipidémie Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is dyslipidemia?
Dyslipidemia refers to an abnormal amount of lipids (fats) in the blood.
True or False: Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
True
What are the two main types of cholesterol found in the blood?
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Which type of cholesterol is often referred to as ‘bad’ cholesterol?
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
What is the primary function of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)?
To remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and transport it to the liver for excretion
What is considered a normal level of LDL cholesterol in the blood?
Less than 100 mg/dL
What lifestyle factors can contribute to dyslipidemia?
Poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption
What is the first-line treatment for dyslipidemia?
Lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise
What class of medications is commonly prescribed to lower LDL cholesterol?
Statins
What is the target LDL cholesterol level for individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease?
< 2 mmol/L et < 1,8 si atcd de mcas
What is familial hypercholesterolemia?
A genetic condition characterized by high levels of LDL cholesterol from birth
What is the role of triglycerides in dyslipidemia?
Elevated levels of triglycerides can also contribute to cardiovascular risk
What is the relationship between dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis?
Dyslipidemia can lead to the formation of plaques in the arteries, contributing to atherosclerosis
What is the Framingham Risk Score used for in dyslipidemia management?
To estimate an individual’s 10-year risk of developing cardiovascular disease
What dietary changes can help improve dyslipidemia?
Increasing consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats
What is the primary goal of dyslipidemia treatment?
To reduce the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke
What is the role of omega-3 fatty acids in dyslipidemia management?
They can help lower triglyceride levels and reduce inflammation
What is the significance of the ACC/AHA guidelines in dyslipidemia management?
They provide evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of dyslipidemia
What is the difference between primary and secondary dyslipidemia?
Primary dyslipidemia is due to genetic factors, while secondary dyslipidemia is caused by other medical conditions or medications
What is the mechanism of action of PCSK9 inhibitors in dyslipidemia treatment?
They work by increasing the liver’s ability to remove LDL cholesterol from the blood
What is the significance of the ATP III guidelines in dyslipidemia management?
They were the third set of guidelines issued by the National Cholesterol Education Program for the detection, evaluation, and treatment of dyslipidemia
What are some common risk factors for dyslipidemia?
Obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and a family history of dyslipidemia
What is the role of bile acid sequestrants in dyslipidemia treatment?
They bind to bile acids in the intestine, preventing cholesterol reabsorption and promoting its excretion
What is the significance of the NCEP ATP IV guidelines in dyslipidemia management?
They provide updated recommendations for the treatment of dyslipidemia based on the latest research
