Dz transmission/zoonosis/herd health Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Dz transmission/zoonosis/herd health Deck (16)
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1
Q

disease transmission is determined by what 3 major factors?

A

Agent
environment
host

2
Q

what is the difference between an infection vs infestation

A

infestations don’t multiply in hosts

3
Q

what is the difference between a latent period vs incubation period

A

latent is not yet infectious

incubation the host is not yet showing symptoms

4
Q

what is the difference between a mechanical vs biological vectors

A

biological vectors undergo a change or multiplication

5
Q

what are the requirements needed for an animal, soil or water to be a reservoir?

A
  1. naturally infected
  2. maintained over time
  3. transmission to a new host/susceptible host
6
Q

what are the 2 types of vertical transmission?

A
  1. transplacental/transovarial

2. perinatal

7
Q

horizontal transmission can be broken into direct and indirect transmission. what do each of the 2 break down into

A

indirect
- vehicle: common vehicle(shared feed & H2O containers) and fomite(cutting board)
- vector (living organism): biological and mechanical
direct
- projection/air born
- contact

8
Q

Emerging dz’s are
Previously ______ disease or a
Known disease in a ______________.

A

unknown

new population

9
Q

Re-emergingdz’s are increasing activity of _______ disease that was once declining

A

known

10
Q

name the 5 stages for cross species Dz transmission.

A
  1. Pathogen is exclusive to A
  2. Reservoir transmits to new host(B) but no transmission among new host(B’s)
  3. Transmits to B host with few cycles of transmission among new hosts(B’s)
  4. Transmits to new host with “sustained” transmission among new host
  5. Pathogen now exclusive to host B
11
Q

6 determinates of pathogen emergence includes what?

A
  1. means of entry(transboundary dz and animal trade)
  2. host susceptibility factors
  3. pathogen type(mutation/change)
  4. reservoir (physiologic difference)
  5. means of escape( sneeze, cough, urine, feces)
  6. mode of transmission(reservoir size, pathogen prevalence, contact frequency)
12
Q

pathogens that cause chronic infections with minimal symptoms is referred to as a?

A

balanced pathogenicity

13
Q

True or False

All sick animals are reservoirs?

A

False

14
Q

which one is NOT a portal of entry for trans boundry dz’s

A. Vectors
B. People
C. Fomites
D. Animals/animal products
E. All are portals of entry
A

E

15
Q

T or F

an animal can be infectious before symptomatic.

A

True

16
Q

HHM is based mainly on…
A. prevention
B;

A

A