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Sp24 - Head/Neck Anatomy > (E1) 1 - Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

(E1) 1 - Cranial Nerves Flashcards

Exam 1 (88 cards)

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1
Q

Where do the cranial nerves arise from?

A

The CNS

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2
Q

What are the 3 regions of the brainstem?

A

Mibrain
Pons
Medulla

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3
Q

What is the brainstem?

A

The transition between the brain and spinal cord

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4
Q

Label the purple, green, and blue areas

A

Midbrain - Purple
Pons - Green
Medulla - Blue

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5
Q

Where is the caudal end of the brainstem found?

A

At the foramen magnum

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6
Q

What is Cranial Nerve I?

A

Olfactory Nerve

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7
Q

What is the olfactory nerve made up of?

A

Axons of the olfactory receptor neurons.

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8
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the olfactory receptor neurons located? And where do the axons pass through?

A

In the nasal cavity - axons pass through the cribriform plate

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9
Q

The olfactory tract and bulb lie on what?

A

The ventral surface of the frontal lobes

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10
Q

Where do fibers of the olfactory nerve terminate?

A

In the olfactory cortex

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11
Q

Do fibers of the olfactory nerve emerge from the brainstem?

A

No - emerges from the Telencephalon

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12
Q

What does the olfactory nerve convey?

A

Conveys smell

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13
Q

What is Cranial Nerve II?

A

Optic Nerve

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14
Q

What does the optic nerve convey?

A

Conveys sight

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15
Q

Do fibers of the optic nerve emerge from the brainstem?

A

No - emerges from the diencephalon

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16
Q

What does the optic nerve pass through?

A

The optic canal

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17
Q

What is cranial nerve III?

A

Oculomotor Nerve

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18
Q

What does the oculomotor nerve pass thorugh?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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19
Q

Where does the oculomotor nerve emerge from?

A

The anterior aspect of the midbrain

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20
Q

What does the oculomotor nerve innervate?

A

Extraocular muscles
ciliary muscle
pupillary constrictor

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21
Q

What is cranial nerve IV?

A

Trochlear Nerve

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22
Q

Where does the Trochlear Nerve emerge from?

A

Posterior aspect of the midbrain

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23
Q

What does the Trochlear Nerve pass through?

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

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24
Q

What does the Trochlear Nerve innervate?

A

1 extraocular eye muscle

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25
What is a unique feature of the Trochlear Nerve?
26
Where does the Trochlear Nerve emerge from and how does it run?
Emerges from posterior midbrain, inferior to inferior colliculus Wraps lateral around the brainstem
27
What is Cranial Nerve V?
Trigeminal Nerve
28
Where does the Trigeminal Nerve emerge from?
Lateral aspect of the pons
29
What are the 3 branches of the Trigeminal Nerve?
V1 - Ophthalmic Nerve V2 - Maxillary Nerve V3 - Mandibular Nerve
30
What does the Ophthalmic Nerve pass through?
The superior orbital fissure
31
What does the Ophthalmic nerve convey sensation from?
Forehead to the upper eyelid, including the eye
32
What does the Maxillary Nerve pass through?
Foramen rotundum
33
What does the maxillary nerve convey sensation from?
From lower eyelid to upper lip, including palate and maxillary teeth
34
What does the mandibular nerve pass through?
Foramen Ovale
35
What does the mandibular nerve convey sensation from?
Lower lip to chin, including tongue and mandibular teeth
36
What does the mandibular nerve innervate?
Muscles of mastication and 1 middle ear muscle
37
Diagram - Face sensation broken down
38
What is Cranial Nerve VI?
Abducens Nerve
39
Where does the Abducens Nerve emerge?
Most medial nerve at ponto-medullary junction
40
What does the Abducens Nerve pass through?
The superior orbital fissure
41
Describe the course of the Abducens Nerve
Courses rostrally along ventral surface of pons
42
What does the Abducens Nerve innervate?
1 extraocular muscle
43
What is Cranial Nerve VII?
Facial Nerve
44
Where does the Facial Nerve emerge?
Emerges as middle nerve at ponto-medullary junction (just medial to vestibulocochlear nerve)
45
What does the Facial Nerve pass through?
Internal acoustic meatus
46
What does the Facial Nerve convey sensation from?
Conveys sensation from the ear, conveys taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, innervates muscles of facial expression, 2 suprahyoid muscles, 1 middle ear muscle, lacrimal glands, sublingual and submandibular glands
47
What is Cranial Nerve VIII?
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
48
Where does the Vestibulocochlear Nerve emerge?
Most lateral at ponto-medullary junction
49
What does the Vestibulocochlear Nerve pass through?
Internal acoustic meatus
50
What does the Vestibulocochlear Nerve convey?
Sound, equilibrium, and motion
51
Define Pyramids and Olives in the Ventral Medulla
Pyramids - Medial elevations Olives - Lateral Elevations
52
What is Cranial Nerve IX?
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
53
Where does the Glossopharyngeal Nerve emerge from?
Medulla, lateral to olive, rostral to vagus nerve
54
What does the Glossopharyngeal Nerve pass through?
Jugular foramen
55
What does the Glossopharyngeal Nerve convey sensation and taste from? What else does it innervate?
posterior 1/3 of the tongue, innervates parotid gland, 1 pharyngeal muscle
56
What is Cranial Nerve X?
Vagus Nerve
57
Where does the Vagus Nerve emerge from?
Medulla, lateral to olive, caudal to Glossopharyngeal Nerve.
58
What does the Vagus Nerve pass through?
Jugular foramen
59
What does the Vagus Nerve innervate AND convey sensation from?
thoracic and abdominal viscera
60
What does the Vagus Nerve only innervate?
pharyngeal, laryngeal and esophageal muscles
61
What does the Vagus Nerve only convey sensation from?
pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus, and ear
62
What is Cranial Nerve XI?
Accessory Nerve
63
What does the Accessory Nerve emerge from?
Spinal cord and medulla
64
What does the Accessory Nerve pass through?
Jugular Foramen
65
What does the Accessory Nerve innervate?
Trapezius and 1 neck muscle
66
What is Cranial Nerve XII?
Hypoglossal Nerve
67
What does the Hypoglossal Nerve emerge from?
Medulla between olive and pyramid
68
What does the Hypoglossal Nerve pass through?
Hypoglossal canal
69
What does the Hypoglossal Nerve innervate?
All of the tongue muscles except 1
70
How are cranial nerves components organized?
In columns
71
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN I
Sensory
72
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN II
Sensory
73
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN III
Motor
74
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN IV
Motor
75
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN V
Both
76
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN V1
Sensory - Ophthalmic
77
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN V2
Sensory
78
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN V3
Mixed
79
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN VI
Motor
80
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN VII
Both
81
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN VIII
Sensory
82
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN IX
Both
83
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN X
Both
84
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN XI
Motor
85
Sensory, Motor, or Both: CN XII
Motor
86
What cranial nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure?
87
What cranial nerves pass through the internal acoustic meatus?
88
What cranial nerves pass through the jugular foramen?

Sp24 - Head/Neck Anatomy (21 decks)

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