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OMM M1 CB > E1 > Flashcards

E1 Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

Symptom exacerbation: C Spine flexion

A

Flexion
+disc herniation
+posterior muscle injury
+hypertonicity

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2
Q

Symptom exacerbation: T Spine flexion

A

Flexion
+posterior paraspinal muscles
+shoulder girdle muscles
+disc herniation

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3
Q

Symptom exacerbation: L Spine flexion

A

Flexion
+disc herniation
+lumbar pvm
+lumbosacral ligaments

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4
Q

Sequence of Examination

A
  1. Screen
    +asymmetry
    +spinal curve abnormalities
    +regional ROM abnormalities
  2. Scan
    +layer by layer palpating
  3. Segmental Definition
    +segmental (spine) motion testing
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5
Q

Motion terminology (planes)

A
  1. Sagittal: flexion/extension (transverse coronal axis)
  2. Coronal: sidebending (anterior-posterior axis)
  3. Horizontal: rotation (vertical axis)
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6
Q

Symptom exacerbation: C spine extension

A

Extension
+facet joint disease
+anterior muscle injury
+hypertonicity

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7
Q

Symptom exacerbation: C spine rotation

A

Rotation
+splenius capitis and cervicis
+sternocleidomastoid

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8
Q

Symptom exacerbation: C spine sidebending

A

Sidebending
+trapezius
+levator scapulae

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9
Q

Symptom exacerbation: T spine extension

A

Extension

+facet joint disease

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10
Q

Symptom exacerbation: T spine sidebending

A

Sidebending
+intercostal muscles
+serratus anterior

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11
Q

Symptom exacerbation: T spine rotation

A

Rotation

+abdominal obliques

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12
Q

Symptom exacerbation: L spine extension

A 
Extension
\+spondylolisthesis 
\+facet syndrome
\+spinal stenosis
\+psoas
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13
Q

Symptom exacerbation: L spine sidebending

A

Sidebending
+lateral abdominal wall
+IT band

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14
Q

Symptom exacerbation: L spine rotation

A 
Rotation
\+discogenic pain
\+abdominal obliques
\+iliolumbar ligaments
\+piriformis syndrome
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15
Q

Mid-gravity line

A

EAM–>Odontoid Process of C2–>Greater Tuberosity of Humerus–>Middle of L3–>Sacral Promontory–>Greater Trochanter of Femur–>Just behind patella–>Just anterior to lateral malleolus

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16
Q

Direct techniques

A

Engage motion barriers

e.g. Muscle energy, soft tissue, direct myofascial release, articulatory, HVLA

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17
Q

Name the barriers

A

Anatomic, physiologic, elastic, restrictive, pathologic

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18
Q

Anatomic barrier

A

Final limit to motion limited by bone and ligaments

“The point past which disruption occurs”

Limited especially by ligaments and bone contour

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19
Q

Physiologic barrier

A

Soft tissue tension that limits voluntary/active motion; further motion toward the anatomic barrier can be induced passively

“As far as you can go by yourself”

Maintained by Golgi receptors, muscle spindles, and Pacinian receptors

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20
Q

Elastic barrier

A

Range between the physiologic and anatomic barriers in which passive stretching occurs before tissue disruption

Determined by the capsules and ligaments around a joint

**determines passive ROM

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21
Q

Restrictive barrier

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A

Functional limit that decreases the physiologic range; OMM is okay

22
Q

Techniques for pain

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A

Counterstrain
Soft tissue
Indirect technique

23
Q

Techniques for edema

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A

Muscle energy
Myofascial release
Lymphatic techniques

24
Q

Techniques for muscle spasm

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A

Muscle energy

Counterstrain

25
Techniques for fascia
Myofascial release (direct or indirect)
26
Techniques for joint surface
HVLA
27
Somato-somatic dysfunction
Dysfunction in one somatic structure provokes muscle hypertonicity in a related location Mode: segmental facilitation Example: quadriceps strain causing L2, L3, L4 group dysfunction via reflex paraspinal muscle hypertonicity
28
Somato-visceral dysfunction
Dysfunction in one somatic structure reflexly provokes hypersympathetic/parasympathetic response in segmentally related viscera Mode: segmental facilitation Example: occipito-Atlantal dysfunction causing bradycardia via a reflex vagal hyperparasympathecotonia to the conduction system of the heart
29
Viscero-somatic dysfunction
Organ causing reflex hypertonicity of musculature Mode: sympathetic visceral afferents Example: ulcerative colitis causing hypertonicity of paravertebral musculature at T10-L2 spinal levels
30
Viscero-visceral dysfunction
Reflex effects that one viscus (organ) has on another Mode: spinal cord modulation of ANS reflexes Example: increased intraocular pressure provoking slowing of the heart rate via trigeminal parasympathetic afferents
31
Types of muscle contraction
Isotometric, concentric isotonic, eccentric isotonic, isolytic
32
Isometric contraction
Muscle contracts but origin/insertion distance remains static **most common contraction in muscle energy techniques
33
Concentric isotonic contraction
Muscle contractile force remains constant while proximal and distal attachments approximate **used to increase strength in muscles that are reflexly weakened by somatic dysfunction
34
Eccentric isotonic contraction
Muscle contraction remains constant as proximal and distal attachments are permitted to separate **used to strengthen weak muscle
35
Isolytic contraction
Patient contracts muscle against resistance, but physician overcomes force **lengthens muscles
36
First part of neuron table
H 1-5 S 5-9 L/G 6-9 P 5-11
37
Second part of neuron table
SI 9-11 C/R 8-2 K/U 10-1 B 10-1
38
Third part of neuron table
``` O 9-10 T 9-10, 1-2 U 10-1 C P 1-2 ```
39
Organs with preganglionic neurons in sacrum
C, B, T, C Colon, bladder, testicle, cervix S2-S4
40
A.T. Still lifetime
1828-1917 (died at 89)
41
Year Still broke with allopathic medicine
1874 -- "flew the osteopathic banner to the breeze"
42
When did Still found the American School of Osteopathy? When are DMU and PCOM founded? GA PCOM?
October 3, 1892 -- Kirksville, MO 1898 1899 2005
43
First four principles of osteopathy
1. The body is a unit 2. Structure and function are reciprocally related 3. The body possesses self-regulatory mechanisms 4. The body has the inherent capacity to defend and repair itself (1953 in Kirksville)
44
Steps of layer by layer palpating
Observation (skin color, temperature, etc) Superficial fascia (elasticity of skin, turgor [swelling], tension, thickness, mobility, quality) Deep palpation (contact periaxial tissues of spinal column -- muscle turgor, tension, thickness, shape, irritability) Bone (contour and motion)
45
Tissue texture changes--acute
Skin-warm, moist, erythematous Soft tissues-boggy edema, acute congestion Muscles-increased tone, spasm ropiness Mobility-ROM may be normal, but sluggish
46
Tissue texture changes--chronic
Skin-cool, pale Soft tissues-doughy, stringy, fibrotic, thickened, contracted Muscles-decreased tone, flaccid, mushy, decreased ROM Mobility-ROM decreased, but quality is normal
47
Date and founder of first chiropractic school
1898 -- D.D. Palmer (former student of Still's)
48
What happened in 1941?
Penicillin introduced by Fleming | Casualties greatly reduced in WWII
49
California debacle
1962-many DOs give up licenses to become MDs | 1974-Supreme Court rules against allopathic takeover; DOs reinstated with full licensure
50
Where are the angles of the ribs?
In a line parallel to the medial scapular border
51
What ligament attaches to the ILA of the sacrum?
Sacrotuberous ligament
52
What ligament is superior to the PSIS?
Iliolumbar

OMM M1 CB (6 decks)

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