E1 intro to AP and NS

Question 1

what is the purpose of the nervous system

Answer 1

to send messages from various parts of your body to your brain, and from your brain back out to your body to tell your body what to do.

Question 2

what is the purpose of the respiratory system

Answer 2

muscles of the chest wall generate air pressure to create voice and sound

Question 3

what is the purpose of the phonatory system

Answer 3

larynx must create enough energy for the voice and speech to be hear

Question 4

what is the purpose of the articular system

Answer 4

vocal tract muscles must expend the vocal vibrations quickly in order for speech to be clear

Question 5

what is the purpose of the auditory system

Answer 5

acoustic was into speech sounds. self-monitoring their speech production and listeners can listen. ear extends from the brain and speech is decoded and understood

Question 6

what does overlaid functions mean

Answer 6

all the used systems work together to produce life.
things like speech feeds off of these systems to work, We use the larynx to block the path to the lungs when swallowing

Question 7

what is the anatomical position

Answer 7

• Body in upward position facing observer, eyes forward, toes forward, palms forward/outward, feet together

Question 8

what are the planes of reference

Answer 8

sagittal plane
frontal/coronal plane
transverse plane

Question 9

what does the sagittal plane do

Answer 9

vertical cut that divides body up and down (left and right parts)

Question 10

what does the coronal/frontal plane do

Answer 10

vertical cut that divides the body into front and back

Question 11

what does the transverse plane do

Answer 11

horizontal cut that divides the body into upper and lower parts

Question 12

what is another name for the cerebral cortex

Answer 12

gray matter

Question 13

what is the covering of the cerebral cortex called

Answer 13

meninges

Question 14

what is the purpose of the meninges

Answer 14

protect your CNS from trauma and injury to the brain, absorbs impact

Question 15

why is the brain wrinkly instead of smooth

Answer 15

to maximize the brain’s surface area, allows brain to have more neurons while decrying the distance between them

Question 16

what are the terms that describe the landmarks of the cortex

Answer 16

sulk, fissures, and gyri

Question 17

what are the two divisions of the nervous system

Answer 17

central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

Question 18

what are neurons

Answer 18

receive and give information to other cells, electric signals from the brain that help all systems connect and signal each other

Question 19

what is the purpose of a neuron

Answer 19

communication elements of the nervous system

Question 20

how do the neurons function with each other

Answer 20

by transferring signals through a synapse, between axons and dendrites. these signals travel neuron to neuron to relay the message

Question 21

why is myelin , why is it good

Answer 21

Myelin protects the neuron, and allows the impulses to transmit quickly along the nerve cells. The axon is wrapped in myelin rings. In between the ring of myelin is the Nodes of Ranvier

Question 22

what are the four lobes of the brain

Answer 22

Frontal
occipital
parietal
temporal

Question 23

find the four lobes on yourself

Answer 23

Frontal lobe - front of head/ forehead
Occipital lobe - back of the head / neck area (cerebellum is inferior to Occ.)
Parietal lobe - near crown of your head with right and left hemisphere
Temporal lobe - inferior to parietal lobe on the left and right sides

Question 24

what are the geographical landmarks that separate the lobes

Answer 24

Longitudinal fissure/ sagittal fissure - left and right hems
Central fissure/ fissure of Rolando - frontal lobe and the parietal
Lateral fissure/ Sylvian fissure - frontal and parietal

Question 25

what is the function of the frontal lobe

Answer 25

attention, organization, planning, completion of tasks self-monitoring, evaluating progress, revising plans

Question 26

what area is in the frontal lobe that is important to our profession

Answer 26

broca's area- Planning and organization of motor behavior required for speech production Apraxia, dysarthrias

Question 27

what is the function of Broca's area

Answer 27

Planning and organization of motor behavior required for speech production Apraxia, dysarthrias premotor cortex

Question 28

what is the function of the parietal lobe

Answer 28

Manage emotions, process information from the senses, and storing and retrieving memories, language touch and pain, analyze and sense information

Question 29

what area is in the parietal lobe that is important to our profession

Answer 29

Wernicke's area!!!! speech production articulation

Question 30

what is the function of the occipital lobe

Answer 30

primary visual cortex Using what your eyes see and transferring it to the brain so we can understand what we are seeing

Question 31

which lobes do SLPs care most about

Answer 31

temporal and parietal lobes because they house the major speech centers

Question 32

what is the point of the limbic system

Answer 32

Emotions, motivation, energy, and adaptive functions Hippocampus- memory, emotions, motivation Amnesia Chronic alcohol consumption Amygdala- memory, decision making, emotional response

Question 33

what structure in the brain tells the left hand what the right hand is doing

Answer 33

the motor cortex

Question 34

what are the main blood vessels that supply the brain

Answer 34

two vertebral arteries two carotid arteries

Question 35

where in the brain do the main blood vessels meet

Answer 35

circle of willis

Question 36

what is the expensive name for a stroke

Answer 36

cerebrovascular accident

Question 37

how can the blood supply to the brain be interrupted

Answer 37

hemorrhage embolus aneurysm thrombosis

Question 38

where is the cerebrospinal fluid produced

Answer 38

produced in ventricles of the brain within the spinal column

Question 39

what is the purpose of cerebrospinal cord fluid

Answer 39

helps protect the brain and spinal fluid

Question 40

what happens when there is too much cerebrospinal cord fluid

Answer 40

increases the size of the brain and causes excess pressure that's BADDDD

Question 41

what is the function of the cerebellum

Answer 41

motor coordination balance, steadiness, connects to spinal cord, and cortex

Question 42

where is the cerebellum on a brain map

Answer 42

inferior to the occipital lobe at the base of the neck/brain

Question 43

what are the structures located in the brain stem

Answer 43

midbrain pons medulla

Question 44

what is the function of the brainstem

Answer 44

contains the nuclei and fiber tracts of 12 cranial nerves control muscles of head and neck, hearing, speech, and swallowing

Question 45

what is the function of the medulla

Answer 45

controls heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure. vital forms of life

Question 46

what is another name for the medulla

Answer 46

medulla oblongata

Question 47

how many cranial nerves do we have

Answer 47

12

Question 48

how are the cranial nerves labeled

Answer 48

numbered by Roman numerals numbered at the height they exit the brainstem from top to bottom

Question 49

which cranial nerves are most important in our profession

Answer 49

CN V CN VII-XII

Question 50

what do those cranial nerves do

Answer 50

important to speech, hearing, and swallowing

Question 51

what kinds of problems would occur if the important cranial nerves had lesions

Answer 51

difficulty speaking, hearing, and swallowing some cases might not be able to understand their first language after injury

Question 52

how do you remember the names of these nerves

Answer 52

Oh Oh Oh To Touch And Feel A Girls Very Soft Hair

Question 53

what is the function of the spinal column

Answer 53

give the body structure and support

Question 54

what part of the nervous system is the spinal column

Answer 54

PNS

Question 54

what is the function of the temporal lobe

Answer 54

language and speech capabilities