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E2 lax Flashcards

1
Q

bisacodyl (dulcolax) class

A

stimulant lax (cathartic)

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2
Q

how does bisacodyl (dulcolax) work

A
  • stimulate intestinal motility

- increase amt of water and electrolytes in intestinal lumen

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3
Q

bisacodyl speed

A

prompt evac of bowel

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4
Q

which lax is widely used and abused

A

bisacodyl (dulcolax)

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5
Q

bisacodyl is used mainly for

A

opioid induced constipation and from slow intestinal transit

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6
Q

polyethylene glycol class

A

bowel cleansing product

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7
Q

what is polyethynene glycol used for

A

colonoscopy or other

allows good visualization of bowel

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8
Q

how much polyethynene glycole must the pt take

A

250-300 ml every 10 min for 2-3 hours (until gone)

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9
Q

common adverse effects of polyethynene glycol

A
  • nausea
  • bloating
  • abdominal discomfort
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10
Q

loperamide (imodium) class

A

opioid agonist antidiarrheal

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11
Q

structural analog of meperidine

A

loperamide

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12
Q

what is loperamide used for

A
  • treat diarrhea

- reduce volume of discharge from ileostomies

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13
Q

loperamide is contraindicated for diarrhea caused by what

A

ingestion of toxins for undiagnosed diarrhea

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14
Q

alosetrone (lotronex) class

A

IBS specific serotonin antagonist

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15
Q

alosetron (lotronex) is onlly for who

A

women

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16
Q

major SE of alosetron (lotronex)

A

gi tox an cause complicated constipation leading to perforation and ischemic colitis

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17
Q

pts must be enrolled in risk management program for which drug

A

alosetron

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18
Q

magnesium hydroxide (milk of mag) classes

A
  • antacid

- lax

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19
Q

milk of mag speed and duration

A

rapid, high acid neutralizing capacity, produces long lasting effects

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20
Q

most prominent adverse effect of milk of mag

A

diarrhea

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21
Q

milk of mag is usually taken with what and why

A

aluminum hydroxide an antacid that promotes constipation

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22
Q

pts with what should use caution with milk of mag

A

renal failure

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23
Q

aluminum hydroxide (maalox) class

A

antacid

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24
Q

aluminum hydroxide (maalox) speed and duration

A

low ANC and slow acting, long duration

25
caustion with maalox
has a lot of sodium
26
SE of maalox
constipation
27
drug interactions with maalox
tetra, warfarin, digoxin
28
psyllium (metamucil) class
bulk-forming lax
29
how does psyllium (metamucil) work
functions like fiber (swell to form gel) | -add bulk
30
preferred temp treatment of constipation
psyllium (metamucil)
31
adverse of metamucil (psyllium)
esophageal obstruction
32
psyllium is used for
diverticulosis and IBS
33
has minor benefits on BS and cholesterol
psyllium
34
docusate sodium (colace) class
surfactant lax
35
colace is often called a what
stool softener
36
how often does colace produce a stool
several days after onset of treatment
37
how does colace work
alter stool consistency by lowering surface tension which facilitates penetration of water into poop
38
cimetidine (tagamet) class
h2 histamine blocker
39
what is cimetidine (tagamet) used for
first choice for treating gastric and duodenal ulcers
40
how does cimetidine (tagamet) work
promote healing by supressing secretion of gastric acid
41
all are equally effective
tagamet
42
what slows the absorption of tagamet and how to prevent it
slwoed with meals- take one hour from antacids
43
SE of tagamet
-CNS effects -Hypot -dys (with iv bolus)
44
omeprazole class
PPI
45
most effective drugs for supressing secretion of gastric acid
omeprazole
46
omeprazole increases risk of which events
- fracture - pneumonia - acid rebound - intestinal infection of c. diff
47
omeprazole is used for what
- gastric/duodenal ulcers, | - GERD
48
when is prophylaxis indicated with omeprzole
those in the ICU
49
misoprostol (cytotec) class
prostaglandin analog/synthetic prostaglandin
50
misoprostol (cytotec) is indicated for
pts who have stomach ulcers due to NSAID use
51
how does misoprostol (cytotec) work
prostaglandyn synthesis reduce acid production and coats stomach
52
where else is misoprostol (cytotec) used
in labor to promote dilation of cervix
53
is abortifacient
misoprostol (dont give to pregnant pts-cause abortion)
54
most common SE of misoprostol (cytotec)
dose related diarrhea and abdominal pain
55
sucralfate (carafate) uses
acute ulcers and maintence therapy
56
why is sucralfate (carafate) not used much
adhearance problems- have to take before each meal and at bedtime
57
adverse effects of carafate
constipation
58
drug interactions with sucralfate (carafate)
antacids may interfere
59
how does carafate work
creates protective barrier for up to 6 hours

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