EAPP Flashcards
METHODS OF PARAGRAPH DEVELOPMENT (7)
- Definition
- Illustration
- Description
- Process Analysis
- Comparison and Contrast
- Cause and Effect
- Classification
“New focus on reading, writing: Improving literacy offers gains in all subjects.” - _____________________________________
Taryn Plumb, The Boston Globe
> explores a subject matter fully by presenting both denotation (dictionary meaning) and connotation and by distinguishing the subject from other topics to clearly draw the distinction.
> a statement of the meaning of a term (a word, phrase, or other set of symbols), states the meaning of a word using other words.
DEFINITION
> explains or clarifies a subject by presenting examples to support a general statement. Transitional markers such as for example, for instance, another example of this are usually found in an illustration paragraph.
> to show the meaning or truth of something more clearly, especially by giving examples
ILLUSTRATION
> shows how to do something or how something works by analyzing and presenting the steps in an orderly sequence
> a systematic method of examining how work is done in an organization, with the aim of improving that work
PROCESS ANALYSIS
> explains two ideas/objects by showing their similarities and differences
> involves identifying similarities and/or differences
COMPARISON AND CONTRAST
> uses vivid details to allow the readers to visualize the subject and get the dominant impression of the text. Often, adjectives are used in description.
> describes or gives us more information about things
> a statement that tells you how something or someone looks, sounds, etc.
> descriptive words help you understand more when you’re reading
DESCRIPTION
> analyzes why something happened and what the consequences are or might be.
> the relationship between two events or situations where the cause is directly responsible for creating the effect
CAUSE AND EFFECT
REMINDERS ON WHAT A THESIS STATEMENT IS (feel free)
- It is expressed as A COMPLETE SENTENCE. NOT a phrase, topic, title or question.
- It expresses an opinion, attitude, or view regarding a topic.
- It is not a statement of fact or an announcement.
- It is not too broad nor too specific.
The ______________ of a text refers to the most important concept the writer wishes to impart to the readers, which is also called the ___________________.
main idea, thesis statement
> works by clustering objects, people, or events on the basis of their similarities and characteristics thus forming categories
> the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics
> the act or method of distributing into a class or category according to characteristics
CLASSIFICATION
QUALITIES OF A GOOD STATEMENT (3)
- Is always a declarative statement
- Is focused, meaning it provides supporting points that strengthen the main claim.
- Has clear boundaries or limits to what it intends to explore.
Four Features of Language Use
- Formality
- Objectivity
- Explicitness
- Caution
Reflects your dignified stance in your writing as a member of the academic community.
Formality
Objectivity can be achieved through the following ways 3:
- Avoid personal pronouns (I, you, we)
- Avoid rhetorical questions
- Avoid emotive language
Formality can be achieved through the 4 following ways:
- Expanded modal forms > Contracted forms (ex: Cannot > can’t)
- One word verbs > Two word verbs (ex: Damage > Mess Up)
- Expanded terms > abbreviations (ex: Oh my god > OMG)
- Avoiding colloquial/trite/idiomatic expressions
- Can
- Could
- May
- Might
- Must
- Shall
- Will
- Would
What are these?
Modal forms
Academic writing demands the use of signposts that allow readers to trace the relationship in the parts of the words/sentences.
Explicitness
- Can’t
- Couldn’t
- Mustn’t
- Wouldn’t
What are these?
Contracted forms
In combining ideas effectively, you will need to avoid redundancy and at the same time, make sure that the ideas are packed effectively.
Structure
Writing must be impersonal and maintains a certain level of social distance
Objectivity
