Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

gross anatomy > Ear > Flashcards

Ear Flashcards

(65 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

internal auditory meatus is for

A

7, 8 cranial nerves and labyrinthine vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

tympanic canaliculus

A

is on petrous temporal bone between the carotid canal and jugular fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

petrotympanic fissure gives passage to

A

anterior tympanic artery, anterior ligament of malleus and chorda tympani nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

stylomastoid foramen gives passage to

A

facial nerve and posterior tympanic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hiatus for greater petrosal nerve

A

gives passage to greater petrosal nerve ad middle meningeal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

whats the canal for tensor tympani muscle

A

TEGMEN TYMPANI (also makes roof of middle ear and mastoid antrum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

end organ for hearing

A

organ of corti situated in the cochlear duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is crista

A

end organ is semicircular canal

it is a receptor for kinetic balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

static balance receptors are

A

macula end organs in utricle and saccule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

different parts of auricle

A

helix, antihelix, tragus, concha and scaphoid fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

nerve supply of auricle

A

lateral: upper 2/3rd auricotemporal nerve
lower 1/3rd greater auricular nerve
medial: upper: lesser occipital
lower: greater auricular nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

blood supply of auricle

A

superficial temporal and posterior auricular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

lymphatic drainage of auricle

A

preauricular

and postauricular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

blood supply of externa acoustic meatus

A

the outer part is supplied by posterior auricular superficial temporal and inner part is supplied by deep auricular branch of maxillary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

nerve supply of external acoustic meatus

A

anterior half by auricotemporal

posterior half by auricular branch of vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

lymphatics of external acoustic meatus

A

preauricular postauricular and deep cervical lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

three layers of the tympanic membrane

A

outer circular layer
middle fibrous layer which is radiating fibers and the circular fibers which are more at periphery and in the pars flaccida the fibrous layer is replaced by lose areolar layer
inner mucousa layer which have ciliated columnar epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

blood supply of tympanic membrane

A

outer surface: deep auricular branch of maxillary artery
inner surface: anterior tympanic branch of maxillary and posterior tympanic branch of stylomastoid branch of posterior auricular artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

venous dranage of tympanic membrane

A

1- outer surface into external jugular

2. inner surface into transverse sinus into venous plexus around the auditory tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

lymphatic drainage of tympanic membrane

A

preauricular and retropharyngeal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

nerve supply

A

outer surface: auricotemporal (anteroinferior)
auricular branch of vagus nerve and communicating branch from facial nerve (posterosuperior)
inner surface: tympanic branch of glossopharyngeal from tympanic plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

ear cough

A

irritation of the auricular branch of vagus nerve in external ear can causes ear cough vomitting ot even death due to sudden cardiac inhibition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

herpes zoster in ear

A

involved with geniculate ganglion and bewteen the auricular branch of vagus nerve and facial nerve within the petrous temporal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

cauliflower ear

A

bleeding occurs between the perichondrium and auricular cartilage and if fibrosis occurs the hematoma stops the blood supply causing cauliflower ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
parts of middle ear
tympanic cavity opposite to tympanic membrane | epitympanic recess above the tympanic membrane
26
middle ear communications
anterioly with nasopharynx trough the auditory tube | posterior to the mastoid antrum and mastoid cells through the aditus
27
BOUNDARIES | roof or tegmental wall
middle ear cavity is seperated from the middle cranial fossa through the tegmen tympani which also bears the tensor tympani
28
BOUNDARIES | floor ot jugular wall
the cavity is seperated from the superior bulb of internal jugular vein by a thin bony plate
29
tympani canaliculis
transmits tympanic branch of glossopharayngeal to the medial wall of middle ear
30
BOUNDARIES | anterior or carotid wall
superior part has opening for tensor tympani middle part for auditory tube inferior part makes theposterior wall of internal carotid this late seperates the middle car cavity from the internal carotid artery
31
carotid wall of middle ear is perforated by
inferior and superior caroticotymanic nerves and tympanic branch of internal carotid artery
32
process cochleariformis
the septum between the opening of tensor tympani and auditory tube is continued in the medial wall as a lamina called as process cochleariformis which also acts as a pulley for tensor tympani to move upwards to the handle of malleus
33
BOUNDARIES | posterior or mastoid wall
opening from up to downwards superiorly aditus that connects the recess epitympanic to mastoid antrum below aditus fossa incudis which is a depression that lodges short process of incus between the junction of medial and posterior wall u have a conical projection called pyramids which has the passage for the tendon of stapedius lateral to pyramid you have posterior canaliculis for the chorda tympani that is the entry for nerves in the middle ear cavity
34
lateral or membranous wall
seperates the middle ear cavity from the external acoustic meaturs formed by tympanic membrane and petrous temporal bone in the region of epitympanic recess
35
near the tympanic notch you have two apertures which are
petrotympanic fissure which lodes the anterior process of malleus and the tympanic branch of maxillary artery and anterior canaliculis of chorda tempani nerve which is the exit for the nerves from middle ear cavity into the base of the skull
36
tympanic branch of maxillary artery comes from
the petrotympanic fissure
37
medial wall or labryrinthine wall
1. promontory- round bulging produced by the first turn of cochlea grooved by the tymapnic plexus 2. fenestra vestibuli- posteriorsuperior to promontory opening to the vestibuli of internal car and is closed by the foot plate of stapes 3. fenestra cochlea- posterioroinferior to promontory opens into the scala tympani of cochlea and is closed by the secondary tympanic membrane 4. promince of facial canal- below the fenestra vestibuli goes to the lower margin of aditus and then posterior to the stylomastoid foramina 5. prominent of lateral semicircular canal above the facial canal 6. sinus tympani behind the promontory
38
contents of middle ear
``` 3 bones: incus malleus and stapes ligaments of ear osscicles muscles- tensor tympani and stapedius nerves- chordo tympani and tympanic plexus air vessels ```
39
longest and most laterally placed ossicle
meatus
40
parts of malleus parts
1. head- in the epitympanic recess post articulates with incus and attachement to lateral and superior ligaments 2. neck lies againts the pars flaccida and medially associated with chorda tympani 3. anteriorly is connected to petrotympanic fissure through anterior ligament 4. laterally makes the malleolar folds 5. head moves backwards and downwards and is attached to upper half of tympanic membrane
41
incus or anvilparts
body- articulates with the head of malleus | long process- end of long process has a lentiform nodule that articulates with the head of stapes
42
stapes parts
small head articulates with the lentiform nodule of incus narrow neck provides attachment posterioly to stapedius two limbs- anterior short and less curved posterior attached to footplate footplate- fits into the fenestra vestibuli
43
joint of the ossicles
incudomalleolar- saddle joint | incudostapedius- ball and socket joint
44
tensor tympani is supplied by and embryonic origin
``` mandibular nerve (fibers pass through the nerve to pterygoid and then to otic ganglion mesoderm of first brachial arch ```
45
stapedius nerve supply and embryonic origin
facial nerve | and mesoderm 2nd brachial arch
46
arterial supply of middle ear
anterior tympanic branch of maxillary artery (pterotympanic fissure) posterior tympanic branch of stylomastoid branch of posterior auricular artery (stylomastoid foramen) petrsol and superior tympanic branch of middle meningeal artery ascending phrangeal artery tympanic branches of internal carotid artery
47
venous drainage of middle car
superior petrosal sinus and pterygoid plexus of veins
48
lymph drainage of middle ear
pre auricular and retropharangeal
49
nerves
tympanic plexus which is made by tympanic branch of glossopharyngeal nerve gives off lesser petrosal nerve supplies the middle ear, auditiry tube and mastoid antrum inferior and superior caroticotympanic nerves from the plexus around internal carotid (vasomotor to the moucous membrane)
50
what is mastoid antrum
circular air filled cavity posteriorly to petrous temporal bone
51
boundaries of masoid antrum
superiorly- tegmen tympani inferiorly- mastoid process with mastoid cells ant- communicates with the epitympanic recess through aditus posteriorly- thin bony plate seperates it from sigmoid sinus medially- petrous temporal bone laterally- squamous temporal bone
52
arterial and venous drainage of mastoid antrum
arterial: posterior tympanic branche from the stylomastoid branch of posterior auricular artery venois: mastoid emissary vein and posterior auricular vein and sigmoid sinus
53
lymphatics of mastoid antrum
upper deep cervical and postauricular
54
fracture of middle cranial fossa causes what
the fracture of the roof of middle ear and rupture of tympanic membrane causes bleeding and leakage of csf
55
otitis media and its spread
when infection from throat spreads into the ear through the audiotory tube - erodes roof and causes meningitis and brain abscess - erodes floor and can cause sigmoid or internal jugular thrombosis - spreads backwards can cause mastoid abscess
56
eustachian catarrh
inflammation of auditory tube is secondary to common cold which may cause pain in the ear while swallowing- decongestant
57
cause of deafness
osteosclerosis between foot plate of stapes and fenestra vestibulli
58
hyper acusis
paralysis of stapedius muscles causing distorted sounds and get too high in volume
59
internal ear
labyrinth is formed by bony labyrinth and membranous labyrinth which as the endolymph and both of them separated by perilymph
60
3 parts of bony labyrinth
ant cochlea middle vestibule post semicircular canal
61
receptors for sound: organ of corti
static balance
62
receptors for sound: maculae
static balance
63
receptors for sound: cristae
kinetic balance
64
blood supply of labyrinth
labyrinth branches of basiliar artery which is accompained by vestibulochochlear nerve and also by the stylomastoid branch of post auricular artery
65
labyrinth vein drains into
superior petrosal sinus and transverse sinus | also from other places into inf and superior petrosal sinus and internal jugular vein

gross anatomy (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions