Ear And Oral Cavity

Question 1

External ear boundaries and functions

Answer 1

From pinna/auricle to tympanic membrane
Function: collecting sound waves

Question 2

Ear auricle make

Answer 2

Elastic cartilage as the scaffold

Question 3

Ear auricle somatic sensation

Answer 3

Variable mappings
CN 5, 7, 9, 10
Lesser occipital nerve: C2 ventral ramus
Greater auricular nerve: C2 and C3

Question 4

Middle ear boundaries

Answer 4

Between tympanic membrane and bony cages for vestibulocochlear organs

Question 5

Middle ear function

Answer 5

Transforming sound waves into controllable mechanical vibrations

Question 6

Tympanic cavity: contents

Answer 6

Auditory ossicles
Pharyngotympanic tube (eustachian tube)

Question 7

Malleus

Answer 7

“Handle” interacts w/ tympanic membrane
*chorda tympani nerve runs medial to handle

Question 8

Auditory ossicles (3)

Answer 8

Mallius, incus, and stapes
Lateral → medial

Question 9

Tympanic cavity boundaries

Answer 9

Lateral Wall: tympanic membrane
Medial wall: labyrinthine
Roof: segmental part of the temporal bone (middle cranial fossa)
Floor: Internal jugular vein
Anterior wall: Internal carotid artery
Posterior wall: mastoid sinus

Question 10

Tympanic cavity: medial wall

Answer 10

Labyrinthine
Innervation: CN 7 - facial nerve
Contents: promontory w/ tympanic plexus, oval and round window, and horizontal semicircular canal

Question 11

Branches of CN 9

Answer 11

Tympanic nerve
Stylopharyngeal nerve
Lingual branches
Communicating branches to the vagus nerve anastomosis
Carotid branch

Question 12

Carotid branch of CN 9

Answer 12

Bifurcation of the common carotid artery, visceral sensory not following visceral motor

Question 13

Tensor tympani

Question 14

Stapedius

Answer 14

P: pyramidal eminence
Di neck of stapes
I: nerve to stapedius (cn 7)
A: dampening vibrations passed to the cochlea via the oval window

Question 15

Hyperacusis

Answer 15

A disorder in loudness perception

Question 16

Inner ear boundaries

Answer 16

From vestibulocochlear organs to the internal acoustic meatus

Question 17

Vestibular system

Answer 17

Otolith organs
Semicircular canals
Sensory receptors

Question 18

Otolith organs

Question 19

Semiscircular canals

Question 20

Sensory receptors

Answer 20

Hair cells

Question 21

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (bppv)

Answer 21

Dislodge of the otocnia into the semicircular canals
** mainly from the utricle
** most common and misdiagnosed “dizziness”
Signs/symptoms: nystagmus, interaction of CN 6 and 8

Question 22

Cochlear system

Answer 22

Hearing
1. Scala vestibuli
2. Scala media: organ of corti, hair cells as the sensory receptor
3. Scala tympani

Question 23

Cochlear system: Scala vestibuli

Question 24

Cochlear system:

Question 25

Cochlear system:

Question 26

Inner ear innervation: cochlear component

Answer 26

Cochlear division of CN 8

Question 27

Inner ear innervation: cochlear component

Answer 27

Cochlear division of CN 8

Question 28

Innervation of inner ear

Question 29

Localization

Answer 29

Distance and location from sound origin

Question 30

Blood supply to inner ear

Answer 30

Labyrinth

Question 31

Oral cavity boundaries

Answer 31

Anterior: oral orifice, orbicularis oris Lateral buccinator Posterior: pterygomendibular raphe Roof: hard and soft palate Floor: myohyoid and

Question 32

Hard palate bones

Answer 32

Maxilla and Paladin

Question 33

Teeth

Answer 33

Specialize skin appendage Parts: crown, root, neck, pulp cavity 32 in adult teeth (-4 for removal of wisdom teeth)

Question 34

Oral cavity innovation

Answer 34

Maxillary nerve: buccal nerve, superior alveolar nerve (post, middle, ant) Mandibular nerve

Question 35

Soft palate muscles

Answer 35

Tensor veli palatini Levator veil palatini Uvula

Question 36

Tensor veli palatini

Answer 36

Lateral

Question 37

Levator veli palatini

Question 38

Uvula

Question 39

Tongue parts and functions

Answer 39

Oral part Pharyngeal part Function: stir and mix food, taste, and speech

Question 40

Tongue: oral part

Question 41

Tongue: pharyngeal part

Question 42

Tongue: pharyngeal part

Question 43

Extrinsic tongue muscle: palatoglossus

Question 44

Extrinsic tongue: styloglossus

Answer 44

P: styled process Di lateral tongue and blending

Question 45

Extrinsic tone muscle: hyoglossus

Question 46

Extrinsic tongue muscle: genioglossus

Answer 46

P: superior mental spire D: inferior tongue

Question 47

Intrinsic tongue muscles functions

Answer 47

Stir and mix the food and speech

Question 48

CN 12 deficiency

Answer 48

Imbalance of bilateral intrinsic and extrinsic muscles * protrusion of the tongue will deviate to the weaker side: opposite to the muscular deficiency

Question 49

Soft palate arches

Answer 49

Anteriorly: palatoglosseal Posteriorly: palatopharyngeakl

Question 50

Tongue: sensation

Question 51

Salivatory glands function

Answer 51

Moisture to the mucosal surface of the oral cavity Mix food during mastication Digest starch

Question 52

Saliatory glands: visceral innervation