early attachment + later relationships Flashcards
What is the internal working model?
A mental representation of a baby’s first relationship with their primary attachment figure, acting as a template for future relationships.
According to Bowlby, what does a baby’s first relationship influence?
Future childhood and adult relationships.
Why is the quality of a baby’s first attachment crucial?
It powerfully affects the nature of their future relationships.
What do babies with loving, reliable attachments tend to assume?
That this is how relationships are meant to be.
How do securely attached individuals behave in relationships?
They seek out functional relationships and behave functionally within them.
What characterizes insecure-avoidant attachment?
Being too uninvolved or emotionally close.
What characterizes insecure-resistant attachment?
Being controlling and argumentative.
How do bad early attachment experiences affect later relationships?
They may cause struggles in forming relationships or behaving appropriately within them.
What is attachment type associated with in childhood?
The quality of peer relationships.
What is a characteristic of securely attached children in childhood?
They tend to form the best quality childhood friendships.
What difficulties do insecurely attached children face in childhood?
Friendship difficulties.
What can bullying behavior be predicted by?
Attachment type.
According to Myron-Wilson and Smith (1998), who is unlikely to be involved in bullying?
Secure children.
According to Myron-Wilson and Smith (1998), who is most likely to be victims?
Insecure-avoidant children.
According to Myron-Wilson and Smith (1998), who is most likely to be bullies?
Insecure-resistant children.
What two major adult experiences are affected by internal working models?
Romantic relationships and parental relationships with one’s own children.
What did Hazan and Shaver’s (1987) classic study focus on?
Romantic relationships and attachment.
What did McCarthy’s (1999) study focus on?
Adult women who had been assessed as babies to establish their early attachment type.
What did McCarthy (1999) find regarding securely attached babies?
They had the best adult friendships and romantic relationships.
What did McCarthy (1999) find regarding insecure-resistant babies?
They had particular problems maintaining friendships.
What did McCarthy (1999) find regarding insecure-avoidant babies?
They struggled with intimacy in romantic relationships.
How do internal working models affect parenting?
People tend to base their parenting style on their internal working model.
What study did Bailey et al. (2007) conduct?
A study considering the attachments of mothers to their babies and to their own mothers.
How was mother-baby attachment assessed in Bailey et al.’s (2007) study?
Using the Strange Situation.
