early chemistry Flashcards
they were the first people to speculate about the basic substances of matter.
The Greek Philosophers
he speculated that all matter on Earth is composed of only four elements: earth, air, fire, and water. (he was wrong on all counts)
Aristotle
He is a Swedish chemist, who used one or two letters of the Latin name to designate each element
Jons Jakob Berzelius
he established the law of conservation of mass by burning phosphorus and sulfur air, and proving that the products weighed more than the original.
Antoine Lavoisier
“Father of Carbonation”one of the founding fathers of chemistry. he stumbled across photosynthesis, is credited with the discovery of oxygen and accidentally brought us soda water
Joseph Priestly
He was the first person to come with the idea of atom
Democritus
“Father of Atomic Theory” He was credited for the three Atomic Laws that were proven after his time。
John Dalton
what is the greek word of atoms？
Atomos
5 POSTULATES
- All matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms。
- All atoms of a given element are identical, having the same: size, mass, and chemical properties
- All atoms of different elements are different.
4.Atoms cannot be created , divided into smaller particles, or destroyed. - Atoms combine in definite whole number ratios to make compounds
Dalton’s three atomic laws
- law of conservation of mass
- law of constant composition
- law of multiple proportions
matter cannot be created or destroyed in any physical or chemical process, just transferred.
law of conservation of mass
when atoms combine to form molecules, the ratio of atoms is constant.
law of constant composition
if two elements can combine to form more than one compound, then the ratio of the second element combined with a certain mass of the first element is always a ratio of small whole numbers.
law of multiple proportions
he discovered electron in 1897
joseph john thomson
he discovered proton in 1918
Ernest Rutherford
