Early Study Of Evolution

Question 1

What is the theory of evolution?

Answer 1

Species change over many generations and become better adapted to new conditions

Developed by Charles Darwin

Question 2

Define adaptation in the context of evolution.

Answer 2

An inherited behavior or physical characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment

Question 3

Give three examples of adaptation.

Answer 3

• Camouflage
• Hibernation
• Migration

Question 4

What is natural selection?

Answer 4

A process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than others of the same species

Often summarized as ‘survival of the fittest’

Question 5

What is a mutation?

Answer 5

Any change to the genetic material - a mutated gene (stretch of DNA)

Question 6

What is genetic variation?

Answer 6

Any difference between individuals of the same species

Examples include eye color, leaf shape, blood type

Question 7

How do environmental factors contribute to evolution?

Answer 7

By influencing genetic variation and natural selection

Question 8

What does the term ‘extinction’ refer to?

Answer 8

The complete death of a species

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms is called _______.

Answer 9

[evolution]

Question 10

True or False: Adaptation can include both physical characteristics and behaviors.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What is an example of a trait that Charles Darwin observed in the Galapagos Islands?

Answer 11

Beak shape