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11- STEM > EART SCI. (Fossil Fuels & Renew. and Non-Renew. Sources) > Flashcards

EART SCI. (Fossil Fuels & Renew. and Non-Renew. Sources) Flashcards

(83 cards)

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1
Q

Three types of fossil fuels

A

Oil, Coal, and Natural Gas

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2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
3 main types of fossil fuels: Oil, Coal and Natural Gas.

A

TRUE

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3
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Fossil fuels, It takes millions of years to form.

A

TRUE

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4
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Can be replaced once used.

A

FALSE; can* - cannot

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5
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Found beneath the ground.

A

TRUE

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Can be difficult to get to.

A

TRUE

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7
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Burnt to give off heat.

A

TRUE

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8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Burnt in power stations to generate electricity.

A

TRUE

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9
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Give off carbon dioxide when burnt.

A

TRUE

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10
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Fuelwood is not a fossil fuel.

A

FALSE; not* - it is a fossil fuel.

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
One day they could run out.

A

TRUE

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12
Q

How does fossil fuel produce electricity?

A

Fossil fuel power plants burn coal or oil to create heat which is in turn used to generate steam to drive turbines which generate electricity.

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13
Q

Hard, shiny black colored rock.

A

Coal

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14
Q

Most mining underground, miner extract with hand tools (pickaxe), load it in small railcars by hand. Raw coal transported to surface to processed and crushed in breaker, waste coal (culm, gob) dumped into huge piles.

A

Coal

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15
Q

New technologies (large shovels, draglines) permit surface mining, remove overburden to expose coal, often result in large pits regularly on mountaintop mining.

A

Coal

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16
Q

Plants that lived hundreds of million years ago. Died compressed and cover with soil.

Therefore, air was limited and stopped full decomposition process creating peat. Over the years, heat and pressure work to force out ______ and _________ to form coal (in layers known as seams).

A

Oxygen and Hydrogen

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17
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Plants that lived hundreds of million years ago. Died compressed and cover with soil. Therefore, air was limited and stopped full decomposition process creating peat. Over the years, heat and pressure work to force out Lithium and Hydrogen to form coal (in layers known as seams).

A

FALSE; lithium* - Oxygen

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18
Q

TYPES OF COAL:

LABS

A

Lignite Coal
Anthracite Coal
Bituminous Coal
Sub- Bituminous Coal

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19
Q

A black, viscous slurry of different hydrocarbons, other organic molecules, and trace amounts of metals that can be separated and chemically changed into useful fuels and lubricants like gasoline, diesel, propane, jet fuel and even wax.

A

OIL

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20
Q

A factory where crude oil is separated into fuels and other products by heating is called a _______.

A

refinery

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21
Q

A black, viscous slurry of different hydrocarbons, other organic molecules, and trace amounts of metals that can be separated and chemically changed into useful fuels and lubricants like ________, ______, _______, ______, and even ___.

A

gasoline, diesel, propane, jet fuel and even wax.

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22
Q

A naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane CH4, but commonly including varying amounts of other higher alkanes and sometimes a small percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide or helium.

A

Natural Gas

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23
Q

A naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane CH4, but commonly including varying amounts of other higher alkanes and sometimes a small percentage of ______ _______, _______, ______ _______ or _______.

A

carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide or helium.

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24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Mining Method
Usually obtain it by pumping it out of the ground. Found it under between folds of rock and in areas of rock that are porous and contain the oils within the rock itself.

A

TRUE

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25
TRUE OR FALSE: Mining Method The folds of rock formed as the earth shift and moves.
TRUE
26
TRUE OR FALSE: Mining Method To obtain oil and gas, its need to be drill through the earth to the ground.
TRUE
27
TRUE OR FALSE: Mining Method To obtain oil and gas, its need to be drill through the earth to the ground. Then, the oil and gas are pumped out from the ground by oil rigs. Usually travel through pipelines or by ship.
TRUE
28
TRUE OR FALSE; Natural Gas Most oil and gas started as microscopic plants and animals that live in ocean. Died and fell to seabed.
TRUE
29
TRUE OR FALSE; Natural Gas They were buried under sediment and other rock. The rock squeezed the diatom and energy in their bodies that could not escape.
TRUE
30
TRUE OR FALSE; Natural Gas Carbons turns into oil under low pressure and heat.
FALSE; low* - high
31
Different sizes of hydrocarbons boil at different temperatures and are refined by _________ _______.
fractional distillation/ Fractional Distillation Tower
32
Advantages: (no need to answer) Readily available Easily transported Low fuel cost Low building costs Short start-up times.
Advantages: (no need to answer) Readily available Easily transported Low fuel cost Low building costs Short start-up times.
33
Disadvantages: (no need to answer) Environment issues: Acid rain and greenhouse effect Inefficient Non-renewable.
Disadvantages: (no need to answer) Environment issues: Acid rain and greenhouse effect Inefficient Non-renewable.
34
TRUE OR FALSE: Philippines depends primarily on fossil fuel as main source of energy in different mode of transportation.
TRUE
35
TRUE OR FALSE: Since this source is non-renewable, it means there will be a time that it will perish.
TRUE
36
It is the energy of movement and motion.
KINETIC ENERGY
37
The heavier and faster and objects is the more _______ energy it has.
KINETIC ENERGY
38
It is the energy that is stored. When it is released, it changes into other form of energy.
POTENTIAL ENERGY
39
The coal changes into light and heat. Wood changes into light and heat. Stored water changes into electricity.
POTENTIAL ENERGY
40
It is a mixture between kinetic and potential energy.
MECHANICAL ENERGY
41
Example: a person and a bike. The bike is moving, so it is kinetic energy. The energy of person changes into the force, so it is potential energy.
MECHANICAL ENERGY
42
Light sources produce light.
LIGHT ENERGY
43
Light sources can be natural like the Sun or stars or artificial, like a light bulb, torch, etc.
LIGHT ENERGY
44
A chemical reaction occurs. This reaction is transformed into another form of energy.
CHEMICAL ENERGY
45
Examples: The energy of batteries transforms into kinetic energy. The energy of food transforms into kinetic and thermal energy.
CHEMICAL ENERGY
46
It is the energy that hot objects produce.
THERMAL ENERGY
47
The heat flows from hot products to cold products.
THERMAL ENERGY
48
Rhetorical Q.: How can it transform into? Where does it come from?
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
49
______________ can transform into light, for example light bulbs and torches.
Electricity
50
TRUE OR FALSE: Electricity can transform into sound, for example in a CD player
TRUE
51
TRUE OR FALSE: Electricity cannot transform into heat, for example in a heater.
FALSE; -it can
52
TRUE OR FALSE: Electricity cannot transform into movement, for example in a robot or an electric car.
FALSE; -it can
53
TRUE OR FALSE: Electrical Energy can come from water, like stored water.
TRUE
54
TRUE OR FALSE: Electrical Energy It can come from sunlight, like solar panels.
TRUE
55
TRUE OR FALSE: Electrical Energy It cannot come from nuclear power stations.
FALSE; it can
56
TRUE OR FALSE: Electrical Energy It can come from wind, like the energy produced by windmills (wind turbines).
TRUE
57
TRUE OR FALSE: Electrical Energy It can come from biomass.
TRUE
58
TRUE OR FALSE: Renewable sources will never run out.
TRUE
59
TRUE OR FALSE: Non- renewable energy sources will not run out sooner or later.
FALSE; not* - it will
60
TRUE OR FALSE:
61
TRUE OR FALSE:
62
TRUE OR FALSE:
63
It is renewable and does not pollute. -positive
SOLAR ENERGY
64
It only works in sunny places. -negative
SOLAR ENERGY
65
It is clean and renewable. -positive
WIND ENERGY
66
Wind turbines only work in windy places. Wind turbines can kill birds. -negative
WIND ENERGY
67
It is renewable and does not pollute. - positive
WATER ENERGY
68
The construction of dams damages habitats. The construction of dams causes biodiversity loss. - negative
WATER ENERGY
69
Finally, the movement produces electricity. Soon, the steam moves the wind turbine. Next, the water boils and produces water vapor or steam. Then, the fire heats the water. First, _______ is burned.
BIOMASS
70
It is the energy which is produced inside the Earth. Sometimes it reaches the surface as volcanoes
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
71
It is renewable. It does not pollute. - positive
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
72
It is limited to certain geographical areas. - negative
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
73
Heat generated from Earth's core.
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
74
They are made of remains of animals and plants that have been underground for millions of years.
FOSSIL FUELS
75
It produces large quantities of energy. - positive It is non- renewable It pollutes a lot It produces global warming - negative
COAL
76
It is easy to transport and store. - positive It is non-renewable. It causes ecological disasters. - negative
OIL
77
It is a radioactive mineral that people use in nuclear power stations.
Uranium
78
TRUE OR FALSE: Nuclear power stations produce radioactive waste.
TRUE
79
TRUE OR FALSE: Radioactive is harmful because it produces cancer.
TRUE
80
It transforms solar energy into electricity.
Photovoltaic Cell
81
Don't need cables to connect to a network, so they can be used in remote areas and portable devices.
Photovoltaic Cell
82
_____ panels are made of several photovoltaic cells.
Solar
83
TRUE OR FALSE: Solar panels are made of several photovoltaic cells.
TRUE

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