EARTH SCI

Question 1

this is a cosmological model explaining how the universe began

Answer 1

the big bang theory

Question 2

the big bang theory suggests that the universe began as a

Answer 2

singularity

Question 2

this is the formation of elements, such as hydrogen and helium

Answer 2

nucleosynthesis

Question 3

the big bang theory states that as the universe expanda

Answer 3

its density decreases

Question 4

what are the evidences that support the bnig bang theoru

Answer 4

expansion of the universe, high evidences of light elements, detection of cosmic microwave background (cmb) radaition

Question 4

who are the proponents of the big bang theory

Answer 4

georges henri joseph edouard lemaitre, edwin powell hubble, arno penzias, robert wilson

Question 5

arno penzias and robert wilson discovered that microwave with wavelenghts abouth

Answer 5

7 centimeters were present in space

Question 5

who is considered the first proponent of the big bang theory

Answer 5

georges henri joseph edouard lemaitre

Question 5

hubbles law provided evidence that the universe

Answer 5

was not static but expanding

Question 6

this states that the relationship of the velocities of distant objects in the universe is directly proportional to their distance from earth

Answer 6

hubbles law

Question 6

american astronomers

Answer 6

arno penzias and robert wilson

Question 6

he was an american astronomer who established hubbles law

Answer 6

edwin powell hubble

Question 7

what is the nearest galaxt in the milky way

Answer 7

andromeda galaxy

Question 8

this is believed to be the thermal energy released when the ionized gases became neutral particles as the early universe cooled down

Answer 8

cmf radiation

Question 8

the waves were referred to as

Answer 8

cosmic microwave background radiation

Question 9

what are the drawbakcs of the big bang theory

Answer 9

it fails to explain how the universe was created, the big bang theory violates the assumptions of the first law if thermodynamics, formation of galaxies and millions of stars in the universe is against the assumptions of the law of entropy

Question 10

this theory states that the universe has no beginning and no end

Answer 10

steady state theory

Question 11

the steady state theory suggests that the univverse

Answer 11

has always been here and will always be present

Question 12

who are the proponents of the steady state theory

Answer 12

hermann bondi, thomas gold, and fred hoyle

Question 13

drawbacks of the steady stae theory

Answer 13

it is not parallel with the law of conservation of energy and mass

Question 13

when was the steady state theory proposed

Answer 13

1948

Question 14

the steady state theory explained that cosmic radiation is a result of a

Answer 14

supernova

Question 15

this theory discusses that the universe is expanding and will contract once all the energy after the big bang has been used up , only to expand again once it approaches new universe

Answer 15

the oscillating theory

Question 16

the oscillating theory is also know aas

Answer 16

pulsating theory

Question 17

the oscillating universe theory suggest that once the universe reverses and attains the point of singularity, another universe will be born

Answer 17

this is referred to as the big bounce

Question 18

this occurs when the universe expand and eventually reverses , then collapses, causing the formation of a singularity

Answer 18

big crunch

Question 19

an american mathematical physicist and physical chemist theorized that the universe may be the first in the cycle

Answer 19

richard tolman

Question 20

what is richard tolmans monograph

Answer 20

relativility, thermodynamics, and cosmology

Question 21

drawbacks of the oscillating universe theory

Answer 21

this theory suggests that the universe would collapse on its own after it reaches its full expansion, big freeze or heat death

Question 22

according to the nebular theory, the solar system originated from a

Answer 22

nebula

Question 23

a nebula contains

Answer 23

hydrogen, helium

Question 24

this is a giant cloud of gas and dust in space

Answer 24

nebula

Question 25

what are the major steps in the formation of the solar system

Answer 25

cloud collapse, formation of protoplanetary disks, growth of planets

Question 26

a shockwave from a supernova or the effect of a passing star may cause a

Answer 26

cloud collapse

Question 27

is a small celestial body that once collide together

Answer 27

planetesimal

Question 28

proponents of the nebular theory

Answer 28

emmanuel swedenburg, immanuel kant , pierre- simon laplace

Question 29

drawbacks of the nebular theory

Answer 29

particles surrounding saturn repel each other, it does not follow the law of angular momentum, it did not consider uranus and venus which rotates in a clockwise direction direction,

Question 30

this theory proposes that the planets were formed from the material ejected from the sun during an encounter with another celestial object such as another star

Answer 30

the encounter theory

Question 31

two form of encounter theory

Answer 31

planetesimal theory and tidal theory

Question 32

this theory proposes that a passing star termed as intruding star nearly collided with the protosin

Answer 32

planetesimal theory

Question 32

drawbacks of the planetesimal theory

Answer 32

it is no longer accepted todat

Question 33

proponents of the planetesimal theory

Answer 33

thomas chrowder chamberlin, forest ray moulton

Question 34

this theory explains that the solar system formed as a result of a near collision between a passing star and the sun

Answer 34

tidal theory

Question 35

proponents of the tidal theoru

Answer 35

james jeans, harold jefreys

Question 36

drawbacks of the tidal theory

Answer 36

the hot material from either star cannot contract

Question 37

it is relatively cool and only faintly luminous

Answer 37

red dwarfs

Question 38

it is a shell of gas from the outer part of the star that goes into space tof orm

Answer 38

planetary nebula

Question 39

when the hydrogen supply begins to run low in a star, further gravitational contraction makes its core hotter, and the nuclear reaction become possible

Answer 39

white dwarf

Question 40

it is a lifeless lump of water

Answer 40

black dwarf