EARTH SCIENCE Flashcards
(84 cards)
1
Q
something that can produce heat , move objects or produce electricity
A
ENERGY RESOURCES
2
Q
can be replenished
A
RENEWABLE
3
Q
cannot be replenished
A
NON RENEWABLE
4
Q
source of useful energy
A
ENERGY SOURCE
5
Q
mainly formed from plants subjected to high heat
A
FOSSIL FUEL
6
Q
world most abundant fossil fuel.
trapped plants ( algae and mosses )
CHONS
A
COAL
7
Q
accumulation of partly decayed vegetation. small amount of carbonization
A
PEAT
8
Q
tar like 45 - 86 carbon
A
BITUMINOUS
8
Q
SUBlowest rank of coal 25 - 35 dark brown
A
LIGNITE
9
Q
35 to 45 carbon content
A
SUB BITUMINOUS
10
Q
highest rank of coal 97%
A
ANTHRACITE
11
Q
also called crude oil
marine , plankton
A
OIL/PETROLEUM
12
Q
waxy substance organic matter transform into
A
KEROGEN
13
Q
process kerogen underwent
A
CATAGENESIS
14
Q
regular gas C8H18
A
LEADED GASOLINE
15
Q
ethanol C2H5OH
A
UNLEADED GASOLINE
16
Q
mixture of C9 to C16 hydrocarbons
A
DIESEL
17
Q
high speed engines
A
1 - D
18
Q
C3H8
A
PROPANE
18
Q
C10 - C16 hydrocarbons jet engine insecticide
A
KEROSENE
18
Q
low speed engines
A
4 - D
19
Q
C4H10
A
PROPANE
20
Q
plants , animal and microorganisms decompose remains covered by soil , sediments
A
NATURAL GAS
21
Q
most abundant organic compound CH4
A
METHANE
22
Source of earth's internal heat. heat from potential to kinetic
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
23
largest geothermal plant in philippines
PALINPINON
24
used geothermal energy directly
ICELAND
25
Used geothermal energy treating diseases
ROMANS
26
largest dam in philippines
SAN ROQUE DAM
27
renewable energy by fast flowing water. Produces mechanical energy
HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY
28
fast running water power is called
HYDROPOWER
29
height difference in between the reservoir and water outflow
HEAD
30
tunnel in which water flows
PENSTOCK
31
spinning material that generates electricity
TURBINE
32
amount of water entering penstock
INTAKE
33
sources of freshwater for agricultural, recreational and industrial use ( grounwater, lakes and reservoiurs)
WATER RESOURCES
34
vast body of saline water
OCEAN
35
5 oceans
PACIFIC OCEAN
ATLANTIC OCEAN
ARCTIC OCEAN
INDIAN OCEAN
SOUTHERN OCEAN
36
2% of water in ocean 200m
SURFACE WATER
37
water temperature decreases 1500 m
THERMOCLINE
38
temperature is uniformly low . 80 % 3000 m
DEEP ZONE
38
stored in glaciers at polar regions and high mountains
FRESHWATER
39
permanent body of ice
GLACIER
40
soil rock or sediment that is left frozen for two consecutive tears.
PERMAFROST
41
moving body of water that moves downslopes because of gravity
STREAM
42
water that seeps into the ground and fills up the open spaces
GROUNDWATER
43
large inland body of water
LAKES
44
area where water covers the surface
WETLANDS
45
shallow wetland where gasses and reeds
MARSH
46
wetland with lush trees and vegetation
SWAMP
47
form of environmental asset providing a range escosystem services
SOIL RESOURCES
47
partly enclosed coastal body of water where freshwater from stream meets the saltwater
ESTUARY
48
components of soil
45% MINERALS 25% WATER 25% AIR 25% ORGANIC MATTER 5%
49
process of physical disintegration
PARENT MATERIALS
50
process of weathering of rocks that is disintegration and decomposition of rocks and minerals into smaller grains.
SOIL FORMATION
51
weather can not only determine how the soil forms
CLIMATE
52
shape of land causes mineral deposits to form which lead to natural creation of soil.
topography
52
microorganisms play an even greater role in soil formation of how they guide soil formation
Biological factor
53
allows the soil to complete its formation
time
54
leading cause of water degredation
AGRICULTURE
55
formed when waste in landfill mixes with water perculating down the surface
leachate
55
any substance that decrease the quality of water
WATER POLLUTANT
56
decline in soil quality
Soil degredation
57
Loss of top soil
SOIL EROSION
58
reduces the amount of air, water and space
SOIL COMPACTION
59
characterized by drought and arid conditions
desertification
60
use of more heavier machinery, deforestation and clearing of land for cultivation
INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE
61
conversion of land to urban centers
URBANIZATIONS
62
removal of fairly uniform layer
SHEET EROSION
63
rills flowing together form larger stream
GULLY EROSION
63
small channels running over soil surface
Rill erosion
64
water cutting bank of streams and rivers
BANK EROSION
65
prevention of loss of topmost layer of soil from erosion
SOIL CONSERVATION
65
useless and unwanted substances by society
SOLID WASTES
66
introduction of contaminants into natural environment
POLLUTION
66
wastes from washing flushing, or manufacturing
LIQUID WASTES
67
released in form of gasses from automobile, factories burning of fossil fuel
GASEOUS WASTE
68
substances which causes pollution
POLLUTANT
69
poinsonus substances like aluminum cans, mercury salts and glasses that does not degrade or degrade very slow
NON DEGRADABLE WASTE
70
domestic waste that can be rapidly decomposed under natural conditions
DEGRADABLE WASTE
71
infection of small intestine caused by parasite
GIARDIASIS
72
parasite infects bowel
AMOEBIASIS
73
process that changes size and shape of rock
MECHANICAL WEATHERING
74
process that changes the materials in rock
CHEMICAL WEATHERING
