Earthquake Hazards

Question 1

refers to the vibration of the ground during an earthquake and it is the result of

Answer 1

Ground shaking; rapid ground acceleration.

Question 2

happen when ground movement results to other types of destruction.

Answer 2

Secondary effects

Question 3

are permanent features an earthquake can bring out.

Answer 3

Primary effects

Question 4

2 types of ground shaking
1.
a.
b.
2.
a.
b.

Answer 4

Body Waves
Compressional (P) - the particle motion is in the direction of propagation
Shear (S) - the particle motion is perpendicular to the direction of propagation

Surface Waves
Rayleigh - circle movement
Love - side to side movement

Question 5

The ground deformation that marks the intersection of with the earth’s surface.

Answer 5

Ground Rupture

Question 6

AAE: massive rocks that make up the center layer of the Earth’s surface and where movements along faults triggers earthquakes

Answer 6

plates

Question 7

4 types of Earthquake-induced landslide

Answer 7

Rock Slides
Disrupted Rock Slides
Disrupted Slides of Earth and debris
Avalanche

Question 8

A series of extremely long waves caused by a large and sudden displacement of the ocean, usually the result of an earthquake below or near the ocean floor.

Answer 8

tsunami

Question 9

TGR: Vertical offsets

Answer 9

Normal surfaces rupture

Question 10

can cause devastation in a specific geographical region, usually within 1,000 kilometers of its source and can reach affected coastlines within 1-3 hours of being generated.

Answer 10

Regional tsunami

Question 11

T/F: Earthquakes are caused by slippage along a break in the lithosphere, called a focus.

Answer 11

F, fault

Question 12

AAE: waves that transmit the energy released by an earthquake

Answer 12

seismic waves

Question 13

The effects of an earthquake can be classified as:
1.
2.

Answer 13

Primary effects
Secondary effects

Question 14

4 types of Earthquake-induced ground subsidence

Answer 14

Rifting

Sedimentation

Subduction

Deformation

Question 15

AAE: a fracture in the rocks that make up the Earth’s crust

Answer 15

fault

Question 16

T/F: An ________ is the vibration of Earth produced by the rapid release of energy within the lithosphere.

Answer 16

T; earthquake

Question 17

AAE: the point within the Earth where an earthquake rupture starts

Answer 17

Focus

Question 18

Simply defined as landslide caused by the forcing movement of seismic waves transmitting shaking and vibration through the ground surface (earthquake).

Answer 18

Earthquake-induced landslide

Question 19

originates within 100 kilometers or less than one hour of the impacted coastline.

Answer 19

Local tsunami

Question 20

TGR: lateral offsets surface rupture along faults, either as a primary rupture on the seismogenic fault or as a sympathetic rupture

Answer 20

Strike-slip

Question 21

_____________ is the tendency for the deformed rock along a fault to spring back after an earthquake.

Answer 21

T; Elastic rebound

Question 22

The severity of ground shaking increases as _____________ and decreases as distance from the _________________________.

Answer 22

magnitude increases; distance from the causative fault increases

Question 23

3 types of Tsunami

Answer 23

Distant tsunami
Local tsunami
Regional tsunami

Question 24

it is the lowering of the ground surface which often occurs during an earthquake.

Answer 24

Earthquake-induced ground subsidence

Question 25

Effects of ground rupture

Answer 25

Fissuring Displacement of the ground due to movement of the fault

Question 26

Ground shaking can trigger other hazards such as ______, _______, _________, and ____________

Answer 26

liquefaction landslide, avalanche, and mudslides

Question 27

refer to earthquake agents which have the potential to cause harm to vulnerable targets which can either be humans, animals or even your environment.

Answer 27

Earthquake Hazards

Question 28

T/F: A _________ is a device used to record the motion of the ground during an earthquake.

Answer 28

T; seismograph

Question 29

Takes place when loosely packed, water-logged sediments lose their solid state in response to tremendous stress. In other words, the soil becomes ___________.

Answer 29

Liquefaction; liquefied

Question 30

T/F: The energy released by an earthquake travels in one direction from the focus in the form of seismic waves.

Answer 30

F, seismic waves travel outward from that point in all directions.

Question 31

an _____________ is the shaking of the ground caused by sudden motion along faults or fractures in earth's crust

Answer 31

earthquake

Question 32

T/F: An _________ is an earthquake that occurs sometime soon after a major earthquake.

Answer 32

T; aftershock

Question 33

originates far from a coast, sometimes on the other side of the ocean. This means there is more time to issue and respond to warnings (usually at least three hours).

Answer 33

Distant tsunami

Question 34

AAE: surface of the Earth directly above the focus

Answer 34

epicenter