Earthquakes Flashcards
(41 cards)
what it called when layers are of rocks are being crumpled and bent without breaking
folding
what is the fold called when it bends upwards?
anticline
what is the fold called when it bends downwards?
synclines
how did he Great Dividing Range form?
when two tectonic plates collided
how do rocks crack?
when huge forces are acting on them
what creates a fault?
when movement occurs along a crack
what is an example of a fault?
SA gulf region
what is the term used to describe a fault that is sideways?
strike- slip/ transcurrent fault
what is an example of a transcurrent fault?
San Andreas in California
what is the definition of fault and what does it allow?
a facture or a zone of facture between two blocks of rocks
this allows the blocks to move relative to each other
what happens if this movement occurs very rapdily?
earthquakes form
what happens if this movement occurs slowly?
the form of a creep
what do Earthquake movements form?
tremors or vibration in the earth surface
what happens when tremours or vibrations are very strong?
they form earthquakes
what is the epicenter?
the point directly above the point below the surface where the movement in the curst began
what is a focus?
the point where the earthquake began
where can tremors and minor earthquakes occur?
where the earths crust is really weak and also along faults
what are the types of way to measure the maginitidude of an earthquake?
seismograph, richter scale and Moment Maginitude (Mw) Scale
what is a microquake on the ritcher scale?
an earthquake that measure less than 2.0 and that are rarely felt by humans
what is a decetable earthquake on the richter scale?
an earthquake that measure 5.0 on the richter scale cause objects to rattle and shake
what is the richter scale a not good indication of?
the destructive power of an earthquake
what does moment magnitude scale measure?
the size of events based on how much energy they realase.
what are the 3 things that the Mw scale takes account for?
the rock type, the distance of movement along a fault and the area of the fault surface
what is a seismic wave?
they are waves of energy from the breaking of rock that travels through earth
