Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Question 1

What are the three main layers of the Earth?

Answer 1

The crust, mantle, and core.

Question 2

True or False: The lithosphere includes the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.

Answer 2

True.

Question 3

What is the primary difference between oceanic and continental crust?

Answer 3

Oceanic crust is denser and thinner than continental crust.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The boundary where two tectonic plates meet is called a _____ boundary.

Answer 4

plate

Question 5

What type of plate boundary is characterized by plates moving away from each other?

Answer 5

Divergent boundary.

Question 6

What is the result of convergent plate boundaries?

Answer 6

Subduction, mountain building, or volcanic activity.

Question 7

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a type of convergent boundary? A) Transform B) Divergent C) Oceanic-continental D) None of the above

Answer 7

C) Oceanic-continental.

Question 8

What are the two main types of volcanoes?

Answer 8

Composite volcanoes and shield volcanoes.

Question 9

True or False: Composite volcanoes are typically characterized by gentle slopes.

Answer 9

False.

Question 10

What type of lava is typically associated with shield volcanoes?

Answer 10

Low-viscosity basaltic lava.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: Composite volcanoes are also known as _____ volcanoes.

Answer 11

stratovolcanoes.

Question 12

What is a key characteristic of shield volcanoes?

Answer 12

They have broad, gently sloping sides.

Question 13

Multiple Choice: Which volcano is an example of a shield volcano? A) Mount St. Helens B) Mauna Loa C) Mount Fuji D) Mount Rainier

Answer 13

B) Mauna Loa.

Question 14

What type of eruption is common in composite volcanoes?

Answer 14

Explosive eruptions.

Question 15

True or False: The mantle is solid throughout.

Answer 15

False.

Question 16

What is the primary composition of the Earth’s outer core?

Answer 16

Liquid iron and nickel.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the layer of the Earth that can flow and is located beneath the lithosphere.

Answer 17

asthenosphere.

Question 18

What geological feature is typically formed at divergent boundaries?

Answer 18

Mid-ocean ridges.

Question 19

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of plate boundary? A) Convergent B) Divergent C) Transform D) Static

Answer 19

D) Static.

Question 20

What happens at transform plate boundaries?

Answer 20

Plates slide past each other.

Question 21

True or False: Volcanic islands can form at convergent boundaries.

Answer 21

True.

Question 22

What is the primary driving force behind plate tectonics?

Answer 22

Heat from the Earth’s interior.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The process by which one tectonic plate is forced under another is called _____

Answer 23

subduction.

Question 24

What type of volcanic material is commonly expelled by composite volcanoes?

Answer 24

Ash, lava, and volcanic gases.

Question 25

Multiple Choice: Which type of volcano typically has a more explosive eruption? A) Shield B) Composite C) Cinder cone D) All of the above

Answer 25

B) Composite.

Question 26

What is the primary factor that determines the viscosity of magma?

Answer 26

Silica content.

Question 27

True or False: The Earth's crust is thicker under mountains than under ocean basins.

Answer 27

True.

Question 28

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the transition zone between the mantle and the outer core.

Answer 28

core-mantle boundary.

Question 29

What is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust?

Answer 29

Oxygen.

Question 30

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of shield volcanoes? A) Steep slopes B) Explosive eruptions C) Broad, gentle slopes D) All of the above

Answer 30

C) Broad, gentle slopes.

Question 31

What is the main cause of earthquakes at transform boundaries?

Answer 31

Stress accumulation and release along fault lines.

Question 32

True or False: The inner core is solid due to immense pressure.

Answer 32

True.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: The area where two tectonic plates collide is known as a _____ zone.

Answer 33

subduction.

Question 34

What is the primary type of material found in the mantle?

Answer 34

Silicate minerals.

Question 35

Multiple Choice: Which layer of the Earth is liquid? A) Crust B) Mantle C) Outer core D) Inner core

Answer 35

C) Outer core.