Eating Disorders Flashcards
(29 cards)
what are the components of normal eating
balanced diet
- not always, people are human
- eat well plate
eating everyday
- 3 meals a day (ish)
- not always (if your ill, fasting)
should be a normal part of your life
- proportionate, not overwhelming
list common eating disorders
anorexia nervosa
bulimia nervosa
binge eating disorder
avoidant/ restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID)
other specified feeding or eating disorders (OSFED)
- feeding or eating disorders
- don’t fit into the categories above
- still significant, probably resembles some of the other disorders
what are some clinical symptoms of EDs
low K+ levels
- self-induced vomiting
lethargy
rapid weight change
dental issues
possible causes of EDs
comorbidity
lack of control
low mood
triggers -> social support
family issues
genetics?
social factors
list some compensating behaviours
exercise, laxatives, vomiting
what is bulimia nervosa
recurrent episodes of overeating (e.g. once a week or more for more than a month)
accompanied by repeated inappropriate compensatory behaviours
- aimed at preventing weight gain
individual is preoccupied with body shape or weight
- strongly influences self-evaluation
individual not significantly underweight
- does not meet diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa
what are management strategies for bulimia nervosa
CBT
family-based therapies
psychodynamic therapy
fluoxetine
- antidepressant
- not be used solely - alongside psychological
what is binge eating disorder
frequent, recurrent episodes of binge eating
discrete periods of loss of control over their eating behaviour
episodes are not regularly accompanied by inappropriate compensatory behaviours and aimed at preventing weight gain
marked distress about the pattern of binge eating or significant impairment in personals, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning
describe the management of binge eating disorder
CBT interpersonal psychotherapy
if ^ not affective, consider
- dialectical-based therapy
- integrative cognitive-affective therapy
- brief strategic therapy
schema therapy
medication not recommended as an alternative or as an adjunct to a psychological treatment for patients with BED
what is anorexia nervosa
significantly low body weight for the individuals age and developmental stage (BMI <18.5 in adults)
accompanied by a persistent pattern of behaviours to prevent the restoration of normal weight
low body weight is central to the person’s self-evaluation or is inaccurately perceived to be normal or even excessive
- body dysmorphia
comorbidity
- anxiety, severe OCD or high levels of expressed emotion
explain management of anorexia nervosa in young people
family-based treatment
- systemic family therapy
- augmented family-based treatment
CBT
- CBT-E as per Fairburn’s model
- 20-40 weekly sessions
what is the importance of accessing treatment early
clinical, biological and neurological behaviours have shown that the first three years of illness provide a critical window for early effective intervention in EDs
barriers to accepting treatment
self-perceptions
egosyntonicity of ED symptoms
stigma an perceived lack of support from others
perceptions of mental health professionals and treatment
what is ARFID
abnormal eating or feeding behaviours that result in the intake of insufficient quantity or variety of food
causes significant weight loss/ failure to gain weight/ nutritional deficiencies/ dependence on nutritional
- fear of vomiting/ choking
- no interest in food/ doesn’t recognise hunger cues
- autism
pattern of eating does not reflet concerns about body shape/ weight
what is OFSED
ED is called atypical if it does not fit exactly into the diagnostic categories
- may have symptoms of an ED but not all
- may have overlapping symptoms
- may move from one ED to another
what is the management of OSFED
not much info on the management of atypical ED
- follow guidance on the treatment of the ED that is most closely resembling the individual patients ED
physical complications of ED - nervous system
impaired concentration, cognitive performance and peripheral neuropathy
physical complications of ED - dermatological
dry skin, brittle hair, hair loss, lanugo body hair
physical complications of ED - cardiovascular
low blood pressure, brachycardia arrythmias, prolonged QTC, cardiomyopathy
physical complications of ED - haematological
anaemia, leucopoenia, thrombocytopenia
physical complications of ED - metabolic
hypokalaemia, hyponatraemia, hypoglycaemia, hypothermia
physical complications of ED - renal
renal calculi, impaired renal function
physical complications of ED - musculoskeletal
myopathy, osteoporosis
