Flashcards in EBP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Deck (92)
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What are the 5 Steps to the EBP process
ask, access, appraise, apply, assess
1
What are the 2 types of question in a clinical setting?
-background
-foreground
2
What is a background question?
- general questions
- can come from the doctor or patient
3
What are foreground Qs?
- answerable clinical questions
- from patient and/or doctor
- ie. PICO
4
What are the realms of foreground questions
(PTHD)
-Prognosis - what was the observed outcome?
-Therapy - will a modality help?
-Harm - will exposure have an adverse effect?
-Diagnosis - will a particular test help me?
5
When is PICO formatting required?
for creating a foreground question
6
What does PICO stand for?
-Population/problem
-Intervention
-Comparison intervention
-Outcome of interest
7
What kind of studies help to answer foreground Qs
Primary studies
- RCTs for therapy related
8
What is a more practical source of information (other than Dr. Bhalaero)
Pre-appraised literature
9
What sites are useful for pre-appraised literature
-Dynamed
-TRIP
-Physiotherapy Evidence Database (more applications for Chiro)
10
When assessing the patient what are some questions you need to ask when it comes to pre-appraised lit.
-Did it help?
-Did it hurt?
11
What is the EBP Sandwich...
Meat/cheese - the take home question
Bread - how effective is the treatment
Bread - how good is the evidence
12
What is the pyramid of evidence for research? (from top to bottom)
GOD ->Systemic reviews ->RCT ->Cohort Studies ->Case-control ->Case-study/cross sectional ->Expert opinion ->animal studies
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What are best answers for Therapy Qs?
RCT
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What are the best answers for etiology and risk factor?
RCT, cohort studies, or case-control studies
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What are the best answers for frequency and rate Qs?
cohort and cross sectional studies
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What are the best answers for Diagnostic Qs?
cross-sectional studies
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What are the best answers for Prognosis and Prediction Qs?
Cohort studies
18
What is an Observational study?
One in which the researcher is passive
19
What is an Experimental study?
One in which the researcher is active
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What are observational cross-sectional studies
exposure and outcome are measured at the same time and once, like a snap shot in time
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what are observational case-control studies
subjects with a specific outcome are matched with those without the outcome and info is obtained about their past exposure to a factor under study
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Which study type is best for assessing risk factors or rare conditions?
case-control
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What are observational cohort studies
data is obtained via exposure of 2 groups over time
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What is considered the primary study in an Experimental Study?
RCT
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What are the key components of a RCT?
- Allocation
- Randomization
- Baseline measurement
- Blinded intervention
- Blinded assessors measure outcomes
26
If the exposure/intervention was randomly allocated, the study is a ______________?
RCT
27
If the outcome was determined some time after the intervention, the study type was a ____________?
cohort study
28
If the outcome was measured at the same time as the exposure, the study was a _____________?
cross-sectional (snap shot in time)
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