EC Chp 13 Vital Signs and Monitoring devices

Question 1

Vital signs

Answer 1

Outward signs of what is going on inside the body including respiration; pulse, skin color, temp, and condition

Question 2

Pulse

Answer 2

Rhythmic beats felt as the heart pumps blood through the arteries

Question 3

Pulse rate

Answer 3

The number pulse beats per minute

Question 4

Tachycardia

Answer 4

A rapid pulse; any pulse rate bore 100 beats per minute

Question 5

Bradycardia

Answer 5

Slow pulse; any pulse rate below 60 beats per minute

Question 6

Pulse quality

Answer 6

The rhythm regular or irregular and force strong or weak of pulse

Question 7

Normal pulse rates for:
Adult
Adolescent
School age
Preschooler
Toddler
Infant 6-12months
Infant 0-5 months

Answer 7

Adult 60-100
Adolescent 60-105
School age 70-110
Preschooler 80-120
Toddler 80-130
Infant 6-12: 80-140
Infant 0-5: 90-140
New born 120-160

Question 8

When should you use the brachial pulse

Answer 8

For an infant who is one year or younger

Question 9

A situation when you are not able to feel a pulse but the patient is awak and talking to you?

Answer 9

When they have a ventricular assist device; a pump implanted in the chest that helps the heart move blood through the circulatory system.

Question 10

Respiratory rate

Answer 10

of breaths taken in one minute

Question 11

Normal Respiratory rates for:
Adult
Adolescent
School Age
PreSchool
Toddler
Infant

Answer 11

Adult 12-20
Adolescent 12-20
School Age 15-30
Preschooler 20-30
Toddler 20-30
Infant 25-40
Newborn 30-50

Question 12

Respiratory Quality

Answer 12

The normal or abnormal character of breathing

Question 13

The 4 categories of respiratory quality are?

Answer 13

• Normal
• Shallow = only slight moment of the chest or abdomen
• Labored = increase in the work of breathing
• Noisy = obstructed breathing

Question 14

Shallow Breathing

Answer 14

Slight movement of chest or abdomen but especially serious in unconscious people

Question 15

Labored breathing can be recognized by?

Answer 15

Hard to move air in and out
Nasal flaring
Retractions of the clavicles
Sounds such as strider, grunting or gasping

Question 16

Noisy breathing entails?

Answer 16

Obstructed breathing

Sounds are: Snoring, wheezing, gurgling and crowing

Question 17

Respiratory Rhythm

Answer 17

The regular or irregular spacing of breaths

Question 18

Best places to assess the skin color in adults are?

Answer 18

Nail beds
The inside of the cheek
Inside of lower eyelids

(Patients with dark skin, you can check the lips and nail beds

Question 19

Jaundiced (yellow ) skin is a possible indication of what?

Answer 19

Abnormalities of the liver

Question 20

Cyanotic (blue-grey) skin is a sign of what?

Answer 20

Lack of oxygen in blood cells and tissues resulting from inadequate breathing or heart function

Question 21

Pale Skin is a sign of what

Answer 21

Constricted blood vessels, possibly from:
Blood loss
Shock
Hypotension
Emotional distress

Question 22

Mottled (blotchy) skin can be an indication of what?

Answer 22

Patients with shock, especially with children and the elderly

Question 23

Reactivity

Answer 23

In the pupils door the eyes, reacting to light by changing size

Question 24

Cool, Clammy skin could be

Answer 24

Sing of shock, anxiety

Question 25

Cold, moist skin is an indication of what?

Answer 25

Body is losing heat

Question 26

Cold, Dry Skin means?

Answer 26

Exposure to cold

Question 27

hot, dry skin indicates

Answer 27

High fever, heat exposure

Question 28

Hot, Moist

Answer 28

High fever, heat exposure

Question 29

Unequal pupils could mean?

Answer 29

``` Stroke Head injury Eye injury, Artificial eye, Prescription eye drops ```

Question 30

Systolic Blood pressure

Answer 30

The pressure created when the heart contracts and forces blood out into the arteries

Question 31

Diastolic pressure means?

Answer 31

The pressure remaining in the arteries when the left ventricle of the heart is relaxed and refilling

Question 32

Sphygmomanometer

Answer 32

The cuff and gauge used to measure blood pressure

Question 33

Auscultation

Answer 33

Listening. A stethoscope is used to auscultate for characteristic sounds

Question 34

Palpation

Answer 34

Touching or feeling. A pulse or blood reassure may be palpated with the finger tips

Question 35

140/P means?

Answer 35

Blood pressure 140 by palpation measured by noting the reading when the radial pulse returns when slowly deflating the cuff

Question 36

Minimum age for blood pressure to be taken?

Answer 36

Older than 3 years old. You can get more useful info about condition from observation, respiratory distress and unconsciousness

Question 37

3 places common to take temperature

Answer 37

Oral, rectal, or armpit (axilla)

Question 38

Tympanic thermometers are measured where?

Answer 38

In the ear, but are not enough for EMS use. | Neither are forehead ones

Question 39

Normal temperature is?

Answer 39

98.6 degrees F or (37 degree C) Healthy is also considered greater than 96 and less than 100 But also depends on time of day, activity levels, age and where it is measured Older people have lower temps than younger people

Question 40

Pulse oximeter

Answer 40

An electronic device for detaining the amount of oxygen carried in the blood, known as oxygen saturation SpO2

Question 41

Oxygen saturation

Answer 41

The ratio of the amount of oxygen present int he blood to the amount that could be carried, expressed as a %

Question 42

Co oximeter

Answer 42

Measures carbon monoxide as well as oxygen

Question 43

91-95% on pulse Ox means? 86- 90% ? 85 or less?

Answer 43

91-95 =Mild hypoxia 86-90 = Significant or moderate hypoxia 85 or less = Severe hypoxia

Question 44

Cautions with Pulse Oximeter readings:

Answer 44

- Patients in shoutings or hypothermic (exposure to cold) - Carbon monoxide poisoning - excessive movement of the patient as well as nail polish - needs to be checked regularly But good for check when evaluating the effect of an intervention

Question 45

Glucose meters

Answer 45

Portable and reliable way to assist in managing diabetes

Question 46

How often to people with diabetes check their blood?

Answer 46

At least once and can be also up to 5-6 times a day.

Question 47

What is a normal blood glucose level?

Answer 47

At least 60-80 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter) and | No more than 120-140