EC2 Fundamentals

Question 1

AWS Budgets

Answer 1

Allow you to define a budget that send you an email if you go over

Question 2

Amazon EC2

Answer 2

Elastic Compute Cloud

Question 3

EC2 Config Option

Answer 3

Linux, Windows, or MacOS
CPU
RAM
Storage space
Network card
Firewall rules
Bootstrap script

Question 4

EC2 User data script

Answer 4

Run only once at the instance first start, allows you to install updates, software, download files

Question 5

For EC2 instances, what will happen when you stop and start an instance?

Answer 5

Public IPv4 address will change but private IPv4 will stay the same

Question 6

What does the following naming convention mean?
m5.2xlarge

Answer 6

m = instance class
5 = generation
2xlarge - size within the instance class

Question 7

What are General Purpose EC2 instances good for?

Answer 7

• Diversity of workloads eg. web server, code repo
• Balance between compute, memory, networking

Question 8

What are Compute Optimised EC2 instances good for?

Answer 8

• Compute intensive tasks eg. batch processing, media transcoding, high performance web servers, HPC, scientific modelling, game servers

Question 9

What are Memory Optimised EC2 instances good for?

Answer 9

• Large data sets in memory
• High performance databases, in memory databases optimised for BI, real time processing of big unstructured data

Question 10

What are Storage Optimised EC2 instances good for?

Answer 10

• High sequential read and write access to large data sets on local storage
• High frequency online transaction processing, in memory databases, data warehousing applications, distributed file systems

Question 11

Security groups in EC2

Answer 11

• Control how traffic is allowed into or out of EC2 instances
• Only contain allow rules
• Rules reference by IP or by security group

Question 12

All inbound traffic is ______ by default and all outbound traffic is ______ by default

Answer 12

blocked
authorised

Question 13

Port 22

Answer 13

SSH (secure shell) - log into a Linux instance
SFTP (secure file transfer protocol) - upload files using SSH

Question 14

Port 21

Answer 14

FTP (file transfer protocol) - upload files into a file share

Question 15

Port 80

Answer 15

HTTP - access unsecured websites

Question 16

Port 443

Answer 16

HTTPS - access secured websites

Question 17

Port 3389

Answer 17

RDP (remote desktop protocol) - log into windows instance

Question 18

What does it mean if you try to connect to your EC2 instance but there is a timeout?

Answer 18

Security group issue

Question 19

EC2 Instance connect

Answer 19

Allows you to ssh to your EC2 instance from your web browser

Question 20

Should you do aws configure on EC2 instances?

Answer 20

No, never put your personal credentials into EC2 instances as others could access them. Instead, attach IAM roles to the EC2 instance for permissions.

Question 21

EC2 Instances Purchasing Options

Answer 21

• On demand instances (short workload, predictable pricing, pay by second)
• Reserved (1 and 3 years) - long workloads
• Savings plans (short workloads, cheap, can lose instances)
• Dedicated hosts - book entire physical server
• Dedicated instances - no other customer using
• Capacity reservations

Question 22

EC2 on demand

Answer 22

• Pay for what you use
• Highest cost but no upfront payment
• No long-term commitment
• Good for short-term and un-interrupted workloads where you can’t predict how the application will behave

Question 23

EC2 Reserved Instances

Answer 23

• Reserve instance type, region, tenancy OS
• Reservation period either 1 year or 3 years
• Pay no upfront, partial upfront or all upfront
• Good for steady state applications eg. databases
• Convertible reserved instance = allows you to change EC2 instance type

Question 24

EC2 Savings Plans

Answer 24

• Get a discount based on long term uses (similar to reserved instances)
• Commit to a certain type of usage
• Locked to specific instance family and AWS region
• Usage beyond EC2 savings plans is billed at on demand price

Question 25

EC2 Spot Instances

Answer 25

- Discount of up to 90% compared to on demand - Can lose instance at any time if your max price is less than the current spot price - Most cost efficient - Good for workloads that are resilient to failure eg. batch jobs, data analysis

Question 26

EC2 Dedicated hosts

Answer 26

- Physical server with EC2 instance capacity for your use - Allows you to address compliance requirements and use exisitng server-bound software licenses

Question 27

EC2 Dedicated instances

Answer 27

- Instances run on hardware that's dedicated to you - May share hardware with other instances in same account - No control over instance placement