ECG/Vascular

Question 1

Anterior STEMI

Answer 1

ST elevation V1-V3

Reciprocal changes in inferior leads

Question 2

Posterior STEMI findings

Answer 2

NO ST ELEVATION 
Reciprocal changes in V1-V3:
ST depression
Tall, broad R-waves
Upright T-waves

Question 3

New AF presenting within 48 hours

Answer 3

DC cardioversion

Question 4

ECG changes in digoxin toxicity

Answer 4

SVT - atrial tachycardia
150-250bpm
down sloping ST depression
flattened/inverted t wavred

Question 5

Treatment for paroxysmal SVT

Answer 5

Medication (beta blockers, calcium channel blockers or amiodarone)
Radiofrequency ablation

Question 6

Adenosine side effects

Answer 6

Flushing

Question 7

Normal ABPI

Answer 7

0.9-1.3

Question 8

ABPI for mild PAD?

Answer 8

0.6-0.9

Question 9

ABPI for mod-severe PAD?

Answer 9

0.3-0.6

Question 10

ABPI for critical PAD?

Answer 10

<0.3

Question 11

ABPI in T2DM?

Answer 11

Usually >1.2 due to calcification

Question 12

Positive I and aVF

Answer 12

Normal axis deviation

Question 13

Positive I, negative aVF

Answer 13

Left axis deviation

Question 14

I negative, aVF positive

Answer 14

Right axis deviation

Question 15

Inferior leads

Answer 15

II, III, aVF

Question 16

Reciprocal leads for inferior

Answer 16

I, aVL

Question 17

Lateral leads

Answer 17

I, aVL, V5, V6

Question 18

Reciprocal leads for lateral leads

Answer 18

II, III, aVF

Question 19

What does a U wave demonstrate?

Answer 19

Repolarisation of purkinje fibres

Question 20

ST depression/t-wave inversion + chest pain

Answer 20

Unstable angina

Question 21

Deep Q wave

Answer 21

Shows tissue death - may be from a previous MI

Question 22

Causes of AF

Answer 22

Hypothyroidism
Hyperkalaemia
sepsis
Idiopathic (cause unknown)
Hypertension
Mitral valve disease
Cardiomyopathy
Thyrotoxicosis
Alcohol
Sick sinus syndrome
Cardiac surgery
Autonomic

Question 23

Tall R waves in V1 and V2?

Answer 23

Posterior MI

Question 24

J waves

Answer 24

Hypothermia

Question 25

ST depression in Lead I
or ST elevation greater in lead III than II

Which coronary artery is the most likely culprit?

Answer 25

Right coronary artery

Question 26

ST elevation in I
Or ST elevation in II => III

Which artery is affected?

Answer 26

Left circumflex

Question 27

Inferior leads and associated artery

Answer 27

II, III, aVF

right coronary

Question 28

Which artery relates to anteroseptal leads (V1-4)?

Answer 28

LAD

Question 29

Define 1st degree heart block

Answer 29

PR >0.2

Asymptomatic

Question 30

common ECG findings in PE

Answer 30

t wave inversion (ischaemia)

Right axis deviation and RBBB

Question 31

ECG features of WPW

Answer 31

Shortened PR <120 - accessory pathway activates ventricular contraction early.

Prolonged QRS >110

Delta wave

Downwards T wave