ECITS

Question 1

Fatigue fractures or March fractures can commonly be called

Answer 1

Stress fractures

Question 2

Signs of a fracture include the following

Answer 2

Deformity
Shortening
Swelling
Guarding
Tenderness
Crepitus

Question 3

A fracture that is parallel to the long axis of the bone

Answer 3

Linear fracture

Question 4

A fracture that is straight across a bone at right angles to each cortex

Answer 4

Transverse fracture

Question 5

A fracture at an angle across the bone

Answer 5

oblique Fx

Question 6

More than two fracture fragments in one Area of bone

Answer 6

Comminuted Fx

Question 7

Less than two fracture fragrance but breaks occur in different parts of the bone

Answer 7

Segmental fracture

Question 8

Displaced fracture

Answer 8

Ends of the fracture move from their normal position

Question 9

Avulsion fracture

Answer 9

Muscle contraction causes the insertion site of the muscle to be fractured off of the bone

Question 10

Can a LBB to be used as a full body splint

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

When should you complete full assessment of musculoskeletal injuries in a critical patient

Answer 11

In route

Question 12

What is typically your greatest concern with a fracture

Answer 12

Hypoperfusion

Treat for possible shock if pale cool or clammy

Question 13

The 6 P’s of musculoskeletal assessment

Answer 13

Pain
Paralysis
Paresthesia
Pulselessness
Pallor
Pressure

Question 14

What are you attempting to identify with palpation at an injured site

Answer 14

Instability, deformity, abnormal joint continuity, displaced bones, Crepitus, Distal pulses

Question 15

Potential blood loss from the pelvis fracture

Answer 15

1500 to 3000 mL

Question 16

Potential blood loss for a femur fracture

Answer 16

1000 1500 mL

Question 17

Potential blood loss for humorous, tip fib, ankle or elbow fracture

Answer 17

250 to 500 mL

Question 18

Potential blood loss for a radial or ulna fracture

Answer 18

150 to 250 mL

Question 19

What to drug classifications can help reduce pain and a fracture site

Answer 19

Analgesics an antispasmotics such as diazepam and lorazepam

Question 20

Cold packs should be used during what time frame

Answer 20

Initial 48 hours

Question 21

What timeframe should you avoid using hot packs

Answer 21

The initial 48 to 72 hours

Question 22

What are the benefits of splinting

Answer 22

Reduces further damage two muscles, nerves, vessels, skin

Allows clots to form

Question 23

What is the best way to stabilize multiple fractures

Answer 23

Long backboard

Question 24

What are ossification centers

Answer 24

Growth plates

Question 25

What are the types of injuries that a blood vessel can sustain due to a fracture

Answer 25

Contusion, Laceration, kink or band, pseudo aneurysms or a thrombosis

Question 26

One of the most devastating consequences of musculoskeletal injury

Answer 26

Compartment syndrome

Question 27

Open are safe from developing compartment syndrome

Answer 27

False

Question 28

Signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome

Answer 28

``` Disproportional localized searing pain not relieved by medication Firm to the touch Pallored skin Paresthesia Burning numbness Pulselessness is a late sign ```

Question 29

Management of compartment syndrome

Answer 29

Elevate extremity to heart level Cold packs Openly losing constrictive clothing and splinting High flow oxygen Bolus of fluid to help kidneys flush toxins due to Rhabdo

Question 30

A prolonged compressive force that impairs muscle metabolism and circulation

Answer 30

Crush syndrome

Question 31

What are the primary substances of concern and crush syndrome

Answer 31

Lactic acid, potassium, and myoglobin

Question 32

Treatment to take before releasing the compressive force in a crush injury patient

Answer 32

High flow oxygen Bolus of fluid EKG monitoring for hyperkalemia Albuterol treatment to protect against potassium overload

Question 33

After extrication in a crush injury patient, if an EKG shows hyperkalemia what is the treatment

Answer 33

Calcium chloride and sodium bicarbonate

Question 34

Signs and symptoms of a DVT

Answer 34

Disproportionate swelling of an extremity discomfort that worsens with use Warmth and erythema

Question 35

What is Volkman ischemic contracture

Answer 35

A condition in which muscles of the forearm degenerate from prolonged ischemia

Question 36

What is a major complication of the scaphoid fracture

Answer 36

Avascular necrosis

Question 37

What is the functional position for an injured hand splint

Answer 37

The wrist and 30° of dorsiflexion with fingers slightly flexed

Question 38

Three types of pelvic fractures

Answer 38

Lateral compression Vertical sheer Anterior posterior compression

Question 39

Does the pelvic volume increase or decrease in the lateral compression fracture

Answer 39

Decrease

Question 40

Does the pelvic volume increase or decrease In an anterior posterior compression pelvic fracture

Answer 40

Increases | A.k.a. open book pelvic fracture

Question 41

Does the pelvic volume increase or decrease in a vertical sheer pelvic fracture

Answer 41

Increase

Question 42

Is a patient with the vertical sheer pelvic fracture likely to display a significant shortening of The affected limb side

Answer 42

Yes

Question 43

Should you reassess pelvic stability more than once

Answer 43

No

Question 44

Management of a unstable pelvic fracture

Answer 44

Two large bore IVs and fluid administration to maintain adequate tissue perfusion Pelvic binder ABC's Spinal stabilization

Question 45

What can a hip fracture consist of

Answer 45

Femoral head, femoral neck, intertrochanteric region or proximal for moral shaft

Question 46

What are fractures of the for moral head usually associated with

Answer 46

If this location

Question 47

Intertrochanteric fractures are usually associated with what population

Answer 47

Geriatric due to falls

Question 48

What is a common presentation for a displaced hip fracture

Answer 48

An externally rotated and shortened leg

Question 49

Management of a femoral fracture

Answer 49

``` Treat for shock Spinal mobilization IV access Traction splint Pain medication ```

Question 50

Common complications of a tib/fib fracture

Answer 50

Compartment syndrome, neurovascular injury, infection, poor healing, And chronic pain

Question 51

A calcaneus fracture is often associated with what other fractures

Answer 51

Knee pelvis and spine | Requires spinal stabilization particularly if it is a bilateral calcaneous fracture

Question 52

Why is a sternoclavicular dislocation a possibly life threatening injury

Answer 52

Due to possible damage of the trachea, esophagus, jugular vein, subclavian artery, Carotid artery

Question 53

Common cause of a shoulder dislocation

Answer 53

Falling on an outstretched abducted and externally rotated arm