ecology 🌎 🦒 🪱

Question 1

Biosphere

Answer 1

Area where living things exist on earth

Question 2

Biosphere examples (5)

Answer 2

Tundra , dessert, marine, coral reefs, temperate grassland

Question 3

Ecology

Answer 3

Study of how all living things interact with each other and their environment

Question 4

Ecosystem

Answer 4

All the animals and plants in an area interacting with each other and their environment

Question 5

Habitat

Answer 5

Place where an animal or plant lives

Question 6

Population

Answer 6

Members of the same species living in the same habitat

Question 7

Community

Answer 7

All the plants and animals living in the same area

Question 8

Abiotic factors
- give 3 examples.

Answer 8

Non living factors that effect living things
- wind, temperature, rainfall

Question 9

Competition

Answer 9

Interaction between organisms for resources that are in short supply
E.g resources like food, water shelter, mates

Question 9

Biotic factors
- give 3 examples

Answer 9

Living factors that affect living things
- competition, predation, interdependence

Question 10

Predation

Answer 10

When a predator hunts and kills prey

Question 11

Predator

Answer 11

Any organism that hunts and consumes another living thing (prey)

Question 12

Prey

Answer 12

Animals hunted and consumed by predators

Question 13

Interdependence
5 examples (long answer)

Answer 13

Is the way that animals and plants depend on each other for survival

• animals depend on plants (hare and grass)
• animals depend on animals (birds of prey and rabbits)
• plants depend on animals (bees and their pollen)
• plants depend on plants ( shrubs and trees for shelter)
• plants depend on decomposers (worms for the soil)

Question 14

Decomposers

Answer 14

Organisms that break down dead organic matter
ex: earthworm

Question 15

Adaption

Answer 15

When an organism has developed characteristics that make it well suited to its envirnment

Question 16

Physical adaptation
(And example)

Answer 16

How an organism has altered its physical body/structure to survive
E.g green caterpillar turned green as camouflage protect from predators

Question 17

Behavioural adaptations
(no examples)

Answer 17

What an animal must do to survive

Question 18

Nocturnal animal

Answer 18

Sleep during the day and hunt at night (bats) (behavioural adaptation)

Question 19

Migrate

Answer 19

To move from one place to another (swallows)

Question 20

Hibernate

Answer 20

Sleep during the winter months

Question 21

Feeding relationships

Answer 21

The way that energy and nutrients are passed from one organism to another in an ecosystem.

Question 22

Carnivore

Answer 22

An organism that eats animals ex: shark

Question 23

Herbivore

Answer 23

An organism that eats plants ex:rabbit

Question 24

Omnivores

Answer 24

Organism that eats plants and animals ex:humans

Question 25

Consumer

Answer 25

Organism that gets its food from other organisms

Question 26

Producers

Answer 26

Make their own food ex:plants

Question 27

Food chain

Answer 27

Linear sequence that using arrows shows how energy and nutrients are passed on from one organism to another.

Question 28

a food web

Answer 28

Illustrates all the food chains in an ecosystem

Question 29

Name 2 environmental factors (habitat)

Answer 29

- Weather factors: rainfall, air temperature, light intensity - factors affecting soil: soil type, soil pH, moisture content

Question 30

How to measure light

Answer 30

Light meter

Question 31

How to measure wind speed

Answer 31

Anemometer

Question 32

How to measure temperature

Answer 32

Thermometer

Question 33

How to measure pH

Answer 33

pH meter

Question 34

How to measure rainfall

Answer 34

Rain gauge

Question 35

Describe 2 instruments to observe a insect (long)

Answer 35

- pooter, to operate the pooter place one tube near the insect and inhale through the other tube which contains the gauze. This will pull the insect into the container for observation and identification - a beating tray, it is a sheet that is out under the leaves of a tree or shrub, then gently shake or hit the branch with a stick to dislodge insects

Question 36

How to identify organisms?

Answer 36

A key, a key is used to identify organisms in a habitat, this is qualitative data because it is descriptive and not numerical

Question 37

Line transect

Answer 37

Rope marked out at regular intervals across a habitat, used to investigate the distribution of organisms in a habitat

Question 38

2 negative impacts of pesticides

Answer 38

- kills living things - water pollution

Question 39

Biodiversity

Answer 39

Variety of different species in a habitat

Question 40

Endangered species

Answer 40

Means that species whose population is critically low