Ecology

Question 1

what is a habitat

Answer 1

a place where an organism lives

Question 2

what is a population

Answer 2

all the organisms living in a habitat

Question 3

what is a community

Answer 3

populations of different species living in a habitat

Question 4

what is a biotic factor

Answer 4

living factors of the environment

Question 5

what is abiotic factor

Answer 5

non living factors of the environment

Question 6

what is an ecosystem

Answer 6

interaction of living organisms with the non living parts part of their environment

Question 7

what do plants compete for

Answer 7

light
space
water
minerals

Question 8

what do animals compete for

Answer 8

mating partners
territory
food
water

Question 9

what is intraspecific competition

Answer 9

competition between organisms of the same species

Question 10

what is interspecific competition

Answer 10

competition between organisms of different species

Question 11

what is interdependance

Answer 11

a community where each species depends on another for food and shelter

Question 12

what is a stable community

Answer 12

where the populations of organisms are in balance with each other

Question 13

give 2 examples of biotic factors

Answer 13

new predators
food
new pathogens
competition between species

Question 14

give 3 examples of abiotic factors

Answer 14

co2 levels for plants
temperature
amount of oxygen for animals
light intensity
wind intensity and direction
rainfall
soil pH and mineral content

Question 15

what is an adaptation

Answer 15

a feature that helps animals survive in the conditions in which they live

Question 16

what is an extremophile

Answer 16

an organism that lives in an environment most others would not be able to survive in

Question 17

what is a structural adaptation

Answer 17

physical features that allow an organism to compete

Question 18

what is a behavioural adaptation

Answer 18

the behaviour of an organism

Question 19

what is a functional adaptation

Answer 19

adaptations related to processes that allow an organism to compete

Question 20

what can extreme conditions include

Answer 20

temperature
high salt concentration in water
high pressure

Question 21

what is the order of the level of organisation

Answer 21

producer->primary consumer->secondary consumer-> tertiary consumer

Question 22

what is a predator

Answer 22

consumers that kill and eat each other

Question 23

what is an apex predator

Answer 23

carnivores with no predators

Question 24

why is water important

Answer 24

vital chemical reactions take place in it
needed by plants for support
transports dissolved ions
main component of cells

Question 25

what is a decomposer

Answer 25

break down plant and animal matter by secreting enzymes into the environments

Question 26

starting with precipitation. put the water cycle in order

Answer 26

1. precipitation 2. percolation 3. transpiration 4. evaporation 5. condensation 6. cooling

Question 27

what is precipitation

Answer 27

water droplets

Question 28

what is percolation

Answer 28

water trickles through gaps in soils and rocks

Question 29

what is transpiration

Answer 29

loss of water vapour from plants and animals directly to the atmosphere

Question 30

what is evaporation

Answer 30

water turning into water vapour

Question 31

what is condensation

Answer 31

water vapour condensing into water and then clouds

Question 32

in the carbon cycle what does respiration do

Answer 32

returns co2 to atmosphere

Question 33

in the carbon cycle what does photosynthesis do

Answer 33

removes co2 from atmosphere

Question 34

in the carbon cycle what gas is released during decay

Answer 34

carbon dioxide

Question 35

what is biodiversity

Answer 35

variety of all different species of organisms

Question 36

how is biodiversity reduced

Answer 36

deforestation

Question 37

what has deforestation led to

Answer 37

more co2 in air extinctions climate changes

Question 38

how can biodiversity be maintained

Answer 38

breeding programmes protection and regeneration of rare habitats reintroduction of hedgerows government policies to reduce deforestation recycling resources