Ecology

Question 1

The branch of biology that deals with the relationship between organisms and their environment

Answer 1

Ecology

Question 2

Source of all energy

Answer 2

Sunlight

Question 3

Constantly interchanged between air, land, and sea. Or between organisms and their environment

Answer 3

Water

Question 4

Characteristics of Water

Answer 4

High specific heat

Rises with temp. increase

Question 5

Characteristics of Water

1. High specific heat

Answer 5

Slow to warm up and cool down

Stores high quantities of heat

Question 6

Characteristics of Water

2. Rises with temp. increase

Answer 6

Heaviest at 4’C (sink)

Question 7

Chemical cycle in nature

Answer 7

Carbon cycle
Oxygen cycle
Nitrogen cycle
Phosphorus cycle

Question 8

4 procedures in carbon cycle

Answer 8

Photosynthesis
Respiration
Decay of dead organisms / Transpiration
Burning of fossil fuels

Question 9

Converted to nitrates for plant use and cannot be utilized directly

Answer 9

Nitrogen cycle

Question 10

Nitrogen cycle processes

Answer 10

Nitrification
Dentrification
Ammonification
Assimilation

Question 11

Different types of feeders

Answer 11

Generalist

Specialist

Question 12

Omnivores (feed on plants and animals)

Answer 12

Generalist Feeders

Question 13

Acanthaster planci

crown of thorns sea star

Answer 13

Specialist Feeders

- only feed on polyps

Question 14

Passage of energy from sun in material form

Answer 14

Food Chain

Question 15

All food chains in a community

Answer 15

Food Web

Question 16

Another type of food chain where energy decline through the chain occurs and successive members are larger but fewer

Answer 16

Ecological Pyramids

Question 17

Organisms’ occupation or function in the community

Answer 17

Niche

Question 18

Place where organisms live

Answer 18

Habitat

Question 19

Symbiotic Relationships

Answer 19

Commensalism
Mutualism
Parasitism

Question 20

One gains benefit but the other is neither harmed or gained benefit

Answer 20

Commensalism

Question 21

Examples of Commensalism

Answer 21

Remora and Shark
Pearl fish and sea cucumber
Orchids on trees

Question 22

Types of mutualism

Answer 22

Facultative (non-permanent)

Obligate (permanent)

Question 23

Facultative Mutualism

Answer 23

Cow and Egret

Question 24

Obligate Mutualism

Answer 24

Animal-protist

Animal-plant (corals and zooxanthellae)

Question 25

Another name for zooxanthellae

Answer 25

Symbiodinium microadriaticum

Question 26

Both benfit from each other

Answer 26

Mutualism

Question 27

One benefits and the other is harmed

Answer 27

Parasitism

Question 28

Parasitism

Answer 28

Cow and tapeworm | Pinworm and man

Question 29

Organisms with common characteristics and are reproductively isolated

Answer 29

Species

Question 30

Scientific name of whale shark

Answer 30

Phinodon typus

Question 31

Scientific name of Asian moon scallop

Answer 31

Amusium pleuronectes

Question 32

Dog

Answer 32

Canus familiaris

Question 33

Organisms of 1 species that occupy a given area

Answer 33

Population

Question 34

Factors affecting population rate of change

Answer 34

``` Increase: Birth Immigration Decrease: Death Emigration ```

Question 35

Population growth curve

Answer 35

Exponential (unrestricted) | Logistic (restricted)

Question 36

Maximum no. of individuals that can be sustained in an environment given the available resources

Answer 36

Carrying capacity

Question 37

Carrying capacity leaves off when:

Answer 37

Population reaches limit of food supply All suitable habitats are occupied Parasites and predators multiply greatly

Question 38

Factor caused by: Dispersal to other areas Losses by predation, diseases, etc.

Answer 38

Density-dependent

Question 39

Factor caused by severe weather

Answer 39

Density-independent

Question 40

Marine animals habitat

Answer 40

Rocky shores Coral reefs Seagrass meadow Mangrove forests

Question 41

3 types of reefs

Answer 41

Fringing reef Barrier reef Atoll reef